Gold Nanoparticle Peptide Chip for SIMS Signal Amplification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for measuring enzyme activity on peptide chips, particularly using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), face challenges such as limited mass measurement range and low secondary ion efficiency, making it difficult to directly detect biomolecules and requiring signal amplification and reproducible surface construction.
Innovation Solution
A gold nanoparticle-based peptide chip is developed, featuring a support with a self-assembled monolayer and a monolayer of gold nanoparticles that immobilize peptides, enhancing secondary ion mass spectrometry signals through signal amplification and allowing for accurate mass measurement and enzyme activity detection without labeling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If secondary ion mass spectrometry is applied to peptide chip for enzyme assay, then mass measurement accuracy is improved, but signal intensity is insufficient due to low secondary ion efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the chip surface by introducing gold nanoparticles with specific sizes (1-100 nm) and controlling their density and distribution. This modifies the surface properties to enhance secondary ion generation efficiency, thereby increasing signal intensity while maintaining mass measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite surface structure combining gold nanoparticles with peptide substrates on the chip. This composite material approach leverages the unique properties of gold nanoparticles (high electron density, catalytic activity) to amplify secondary ion signals without interfering with the peptide-enzyme interactions, thus resolving the contradiction between signal intensity and measurement accuracy
2Measurement precision
If signal amplification methods are applied to enhance SIMS detection, then sensitivity is improved, but surface reproducibility deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating uniform gold nanoparticle monolayers with controlled density and size distribution across the chip surface. This ensures that signal amplification is achieved through consistent local modifications rather than random variations, maintaining surface reproducibility while enhancing detection sensitivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary action by pre-assembling monodisperse gold nanoparticle monolayers on the chip surface before peptide immobilization. This preliminary structuring ensures uniform signal amplification across all measurement locations, preventing reproducibility issues that would arise from inconsistent nanoparticle distribution
3Quantity of substance
If traditional mass spectrometry methods are used, then mass range coverage is limited, but device complexity is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces gold nanoparticles as an intermediary between the peptide analytes and the SIMS detection system. These nanoparticles act as signal amplifiers that enhance the ionization efficiency of peptides with masses below 200 Da, effectively extending the usable mass range without requiring complex instrument modifications
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The gold nanoparticle-based peptide chip significantly amplifies mass signals, enabling more accurate and convenient measurement of peptide masses and enzyme activity, with a 10-fold increase in signal intensity compared to traditional methods, and allows for simultaneous analysis of multiple enzymes via secondary ion mass spectrometric imaging.
Implementation Method 1
the gold nanoparticle-based peptide chip significantly amplifies mass signals, enabling more accurate and convenient measurement of peptide masses and enzyme activity, with a 10-fold increase in signal intensity compared to traditional methods
Implementation Method 2
A gold nanoparticle-based peptide chip is developed, featuring a support with a self-assembled monolayer and a monolayer of gold nanoparticles that immobilize peptides
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein is a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based peptide chip prepared by forming a monolayer of AuNPs onto a self-assembled monolayer constructed on a solid support, and then immobilizing a peptide on the AuNPs. The AuNPs can effectively amplify the mass signal of the peptide, thus making it possible to measure the mass change of the peptide in a simple and accurate manner. Also, when secondary ion mass spectrometric analysis (spectrum or imaging) is performed on the AuNP-based peptide chip, the activities of enzymes and related inhibitors can be effectively quantified. The disclosed invention enables various enzyme activities to be analyzed rapidly and accurately, and thus can provide an important method for disease diagnosis and new drug development through the elucidation of signaling and interaction mechanisms.