Golf Ball Concentricity X-Ray Imaging Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for verifying the concentricity of multiple-layer golf balls, such as X-ray scanning, face challenges in precision due to rotation-induced distortion and parallax issues, which affect the accuracy of determining layer thickness and concentricity.
Innovation Solution
A method and system utilizing X-ray imaging with multiple sources and detectors, taking images from perpendicular planes to calculate 3D distances and concentricity by combining X, Z and Y, Z coordinates, and employing edge detection algorithms to determine the best fit diameters or ellipses of inner and outer edges, thereby overcoming rotation-induced distortions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single X-ray source and detector are used to scan a golf ball, then the device complexity is low, but measurement precision deteriorates due to rotation-induced distortion and parallax issues
Solution Approach 1:
The single X-ray imaging system is segmented into multiple independent imaging systems. Each system captures images from a different angular perspective (e.g., 0 degrees and 90 degrees). This segmentation eliminates rotation-induced distortion and parallax errors by obtaining multiple views of the golf ball, thereby improving measurement precision for concentricity determination without requiring overly complex equipment
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from two-dimensional single-plane imaging to three-dimensional multi-plane imaging. By positioning X-ray sources and detectors at different angular positions around the golf ball, the system captures images from multiple dimensions. This dimensional expansion allows for accurate calculation of 3D coordinates and concentricity parameters, resolving the precision issues caused by single-plane rotation
2Measurement precision
If multiple X-ray sources and detectors are used to improve measurement precision, then concentricity determination accuracy improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Each X-ray imaging system is designed to be multi-functional, capable of capturing images at multiple angular positions. The systems can be positioned at standard angles (0, 90, 180, 270 degrees) and can collectively serve multiple measurement purposes including concentricity determination, layer thickness measurement, and inclusion detection. This universality reduces the need for additional specialized equipment, managing device complexity while maintaining high measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs periodic angular positioning of X-ray sources and detectors at standard intervals (e.g., every 90 degrees). This periodic arrangement allows for systematic data collection from multiple perspectives while maintaining a manageable number of imaging systems. The periodic structure simplifies the coordination and data processing requirements, balancing device complexity with measurement precision
3Measurement precision
If images are taken from multiple angular positions, then concentricity measurement accuracy improves, but the time required for imaging and processing increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system pre-positions multiple X-ray sources and detectors at standard angular positions (0, 90, 180, 270 degrees) before imaging begins. This preliminary arrangement eliminates the need for time-consuming repositioning during the imaging process. All required images can be captured simultaneously or in rapid sequence, reducing total imaging time while maintaining the precision benefits of multi-angle measurement
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses digital copying and processing of images from multiple angles rather than physical manipulation or repeated manual measurement. Digital images from different angular positions are computationally combined and analyzed to determine concentricity and layer thickness. This digital approach significantly reduces processing time compared to traditional methods while preserving the measurement precision gained from multi-angle imaging
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the precision and accuracy of concentricity determination, allowing for effective sorting and evaluation of golf balls based on concentricity, layer thickness, and inclusion detection, improving the quality control of golf ball manufacturing.
Implementation Method 1
taking at least one X, Z image of the golf ball using a first x-ray source, a first camera and a first image intensifier
Data Source
AI summary
A method and system for determining concentricity of a multiple layer golf ball are disclosed herein. One or more images of a golf ball are generated using an X-ray source, a camera or a digital detector, and an image intensifier. An edge detection algorithm is preferably utilized. The method also includes calculating Y,Z center coordinates of the a best fit diameter or ellipse of the inner edge layer and outer edge layer of the multiple layer golf ball.