GP2 Isoforms for Autoimmune Disease Differentiation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current diagnostic methods for autoimmune disorders like Celiac disease, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis are inadequate, as they fail to reliably differentiate between these conditions due to overlapping symptoms and lack of isoform-specificity in autoantibody detection, leading to invasive and costly procedures.
Innovation Solution
An in vitro method utilizing multiple isoforms of Glycoprotein 2 (GP2) to detect autoantibodies, specifically using isoforms 1, 2, 3, and 4 to differentiate between autoimmune diseases by measuring IgG and IgA autoantibody binding, allowing for more precise diagnosis and differentiation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If current diagnostic methods are used to detect autoantibodies, then the diagnostic process is simple, but the ability to differentiate between autoimmune diseases is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the GP2 protein into multiple distinct isoforms (GP2-1, GP2-2, GP2-3, GP2-4) with different amino acid sequences. Each isoform serves as a separate detection target, allowing the diagnostic method to distinguish between different autoimmune diseases based on which specific isoform autoantibodies are present in the patient sample.
2Reliability
If multiple GP2 isoforms are used as detection targets, then disease differentiation capability is improved, but the complexity of the diagnostic method increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a multi-functional diagnostic system where a single assay platform can detect multiple GP2 isoforms simultaneously. The method uses a panel of different GP2 isoforms as capture antigens, allowing one diagnostic test to provide differentiated information about various autoimmune conditions (Celiac disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis) without requiring separate tests for each disease.
3Measurement precision
If invasive procedures are used to achieve accurate diagnosis, then diagnostic accuracy is improved, but patient comfort and cost decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical procedures (biopsies, endoscopies) with an in vitro immunoassay that detects autoantibodies in patient serum or plasma. This substitution uses biochemical detection methods instead of physical tissue sampling, maintaining diagnostic accuracy while significantly improving patient convenience and reducing procedural risks.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables accurate and non-invasive differentiation of autoimmune diseases by identifying specific autoantibody profiles targeting GP2 isoforms, reducing the need for invasive procedures and improving diagnostic reliability.
Implementation Method 1
contacting said sample with said GP2 isoforms, and detecting autoantibodies from said sample that bind to one or more isoforms
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for binding or capturing autoantibodies directed to various Glycoprotein 2 (GP2) isoforms. In particular the invention provides an in vitro method for the diagnosis of an autoimmune disorder by the detection of autoantibodies that bind one or more isoforms of GP2. The invention is characterized by the provision of multiple isoforms of GP2 as autoantibody targets and encompasses the practical utilization of the finding that the isoform specificity of anti-GP2 autoantibodies enables determination of particular autoimmune diseases. The invention also provides a system and kit developed for carrying out the claimed method. The present invention is useful for determining whether a sample from an individual comprises autoantibodies associated with an autoimmune disease, and for differentiating between multiple autoimmune diseases that exhibit similar symptoms, such as Celiac disease (CeD), Crohn's disease (CD), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and/or ulcerative colitis (UC).