Autonomous Vehicle GPS Integrity Checks Using Dual Data Channels
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Solution Overview
Problem
Autonomous vehicles face navigation integrity issues due to corrupted GPS data from cyber-attacks, hardware, or software errors, which can go undetected and lead to detrimental operation.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a communication module that sends GPS data over two channels, one unsecured and one secured, with the secured data used for verification by comparing timestamps and performing signal-by-signal integrity checks, and calculating parameters to determine rationality, switching to a failure mode if integrity is compromised.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If GPS data is transmitted over a single unsecured communication channel, then the system complexity is low, but the data integrity and reliability are compromised due to vulnerability to cyber-attacks, hardware errors, or software errors
Solution Approach 1:
The GPS data transmission system is segmented into multiple independent communication channels (first communication channel and second communication channel). Each channel carries GPS data independently, allowing the system to compare data from different channels to detect corruption. This segmentation resolves the contradiction by maintaining reliability through channel diversity while keeping each individual channel relatively simple.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a copy of GPS data transmission through multiple communication channels. The first set of GPS data is transmitted over a first communication channel, and the second set of GPS data is transmitted over a second communication channel. By comparing these copies, the system can verify data integrity without requiring complex encryption or authentication mechanisms in each channel.
2Reliability
If GPS data is transmitted over multiple communication channels with authentication, then data integrity is improved, but the processing complexity and computational load increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces complex cryptographic authentication mechanisms with a simpler comparison-based verification approach. Instead of implementing full authentication protocols, the system compares timestamp values and data values between multiple channels to detect corruption. This substitution maintains reliability while significantly reducing processing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs partial verification by comparing only specific critical parameters (timestamp and data values) rather than进行全面 authentication of the entire data stream. This partial action approach provides sufficient integrity verification without the full computational overhead of complete authentication protocols.
3Measurement precision
If the system performs comprehensive verification of GPS data including timestamp comparison and signal-by-signal comparison, then measurement precision of data integrity is improved, but the processing time and loss of time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary comparison of timestamp values before conducting detailed signal-by-signal data comparison. By first checking the timestamp, the system can quickly identify and discard obviously corrupted data packets, reducing the amount of time required for comprehensive verification while maintaining high measurement precision.
4Reliability
If the system calculates multiple parameters including distance travelled, heading, yaw rate, and lateral offset to determine rationality, then the reliability of navigation is improved, but the computational energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system calculates only the essential navigation parameters (distance travelled, heading, yaw rate, and lateral offset) needed to determine rationality, rather than computing all possible navigation metrics. This partial calculation approach provides sufficient reliability for safe operation while minimizing computational energy consumption.
Data Source
AI summary
An autonomous vehicle, system and method of operating an autonomous vehicle. The system includes a communication module and a processor. The communication module sends a first set of Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) data over a first communication channel and a second set of GPS data over a second communication channel. The second set of GPS data is an authenticated data set. The processor operates the autonomous vehicle using the first set of GPS data, and compares the first set of GPS data to the second set of GPS data to verify the integrity of the first set of GPS data. A first value for a vehicle parameter based on the first set of GPS data is compared to a second value for the vehicle parameter based on data from a vehicle-based sensor. The first set of GPS data is rational when the difference is less than a selected threshold.