Multi-Process Service Memory Limiting for GPU Resource Interference
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing power of parallel processing units (PPUs) like GPUs leads to underutilization due to ineffective resource management by CPU schedulers, resulting in interference between independent CPU processes utilizing PPU resources.
Innovation Solution
A multi-process service (MPS) is introduced to manage and enforce memory limits on thread groups executed by GPUs, allowing for better resource allocation and utilization by sharing scheduling resources among processes, thereby preventing resource interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple independent CPU processes are used to utilize GPU resources, then PPU computing power utilization increases, but resource interference between processes occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a scheduler as an intermediary component that manages and coordinates resource allocation between multiple CPU processes and the PPU. The scheduler acts as a mediator that prevents direct interference between processes by controlling access to shared PPU resources through a centralized scheduling mechanism, thereby maintaining high utilization while eliminating harmful interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The scheduler is designed as a universal resource management system that handles multiple types of resources (memory, compute units, execution contexts) and serves multiple CPU processes simultaneously. This multi-functional scheduler consolidates resource management capabilities into a single system that can dynamically allocate and manage diverse PPU resources for different processes without requiring separate management mechanisms.
2Productivity
If memory limits are enforced on thread groups, then resource allocation efficiency improves, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements memory limits by changing the parameter of memory allocation size for thread groups. The scheduler dynamically adjusts memory allocation parameters based on process requirements and system state, enforcing limits through parameter control rather than structural modifications. This approach improves allocation efficiency by preventing memory exhaustion while adding minimal complexity through parameter management.
3Ease of operation
If CPU schedulers manage PPU resources directly, then ease of operation is maintained, but resource management effectiveness deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a specialized PPU scheduler as an intermediary between the CPU scheduler and PPU resources. This intermediary scheduler handles the complex task of PPU resource management, allowing the CPU scheduler to maintain its simple operation while the specialized scheduler ensures effective and reliable resource allocation. The intermediary translates high-level CPU scheduling decisions into detailed PPU resource allocation without exposing complexity to the CPU scheduler.
Data Source
AI summary
Apparatuses, systems, and techniques to limit memory during execution of one or more kernels and/or thread groups during PPU execution. In at least one embodiment, a process indicates a memory limit for one or more kernels and/or thread groups to a parallel processing library, and said parallel processing library restricts memory allocation for said one or more kernels and/or thread groups according to said memory limit.