Dynamic GPU Power Management via Deadline-Aware Frequency Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power management systems for graphics processing units (GPUs) are inadequate in meeting the dynamic power and performance needs of various graphics workloads, often resulting in missed deadlines and inefficient power usage.

Innovation Solution

A dynamic processor power management method that receives workloads with associated completion deadline information and execution metadata, generates processor performance adjustments, and communicates these adjustments to the GPU to optimize frequency settings, balancing performance with energy consumption by suggesting informed frequency adjustments based on workload intent and deadlines.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If existing GPU power management systems are used, then power consumption is managed, but performance deadlines are missed and power usage efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeadline meetingVSAvoidpower usage efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts GPU operating frequency based on real-time workload analysis and deadline requirements. The frequency adjustment is not static but adapts continuously to changing conditions, allowing the system to meet performance deadlines while optimizing power consumption. The GPU frequency is modified on-the-fly based on workload intent and deadline urgency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary analysis of workload characteristics and deadline requirements before executing the actual GPU workload. By pre-determining the appropriate frequency adjustment based on workload intent and deadline information, the system can proactively configure optimal power-performance settings before the workload begins, ensuring deadlines are met while avoiding excessive power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Productivity

If GPU frequency is increased to meet deadlines, then performance is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveworkload execution speedVSAvoidGPU power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system changes the operating frequency parameter of the GPU based on analyzed workload characteristics and deadline requirements. Rather than maintaining a fixed frequency or using simple threshold-based adjustments, the system dynamically modifies the frequency parameter to match the specific demands of each workload, achieving optimal balance between execution speed and power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The system incorporates feedback loops that monitor workload progression, deadline adherence, and power consumption. This feedback mechanism allows the system to continuously refine frequency adjustments, increasing frequency only when necessary to meet deadlines and reducing it when deadlines are at risk of being met, thereby optimizing the trade-off between productivity and energy usage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Loss of energy

If GPU frequency is decreased to save power, then energy efficiency is improved, but deadline compliance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoiddeadline meeting
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the frequency parameter based on the urgency and characteristics of each workload. When workloads have relaxed deadlines or lower computational intensity, the frequency is decreased to save power. When deadlines are tight or workloads are computationally intensive, the frequency is increased to ensure compliance, thus adaptively changing the parameter to balance power savings with deadline reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Device complexity

If fixed frequency is used, then system simplicity is maintained, but adaptability to different workload types deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower management system complexityVSAvoidworkload type adaptability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs self-service by automatically analyzing workload characteristics and determining appropriate frequency adjustments without requiring complex external control mechanisms. The power management system uses built-in workload analysis capabilities to autonomously adapt to different workload types, maintaining relative system simplicity while achieving high adaptability through intelligent self-adjustment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP3756093B1Dynamic processor power management
Publication Date: 2023.06.14 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • EP3756093B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3756093B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3756093B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The described technology addresses one or more of the foregoing problems by receiving one or more workloads from an application. Each of the one or more graphics workloads are associated with completion deadline information and execution metadata representing execution guidance for the workload. The described technology further generates a processor performance adjustment for each of the one or more workloads using a performance model providing the processor performance adjustment based on the completion deadline information and the execution metadata for each of the one or more workloads. The described technology further communicates each of the one or more received workloads and its corresponding generated processor performance adjustment to a processor subsystem. Each of the processor performance adjustments instructs the processor subsystem on a processor adjustment to be implemented when executing the associated workload.