Gradient Coil Current Correction for MRI Eddy Current Compensation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Magnetic field distortion due to eddy currents in MRI apparatuses leads to deterioration of image quality, with existing correction methods being costly and inefficient, particularly in addressing temperature-induced changes and perfecting field corrections.

Innovation Solution

A correction device that estimates eddy currents from current and voltage values of the gradient magnetic field coil, using sensors and a control device to adjust the current command value, thereby reducing magnetic field distortion by generating a control command signal and outputting a PWM signal to correct the influence of eddy currents.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a correction coil is disposed outside the gradient magnetic field coil to correct eddy current influence, then magnetic field distortion is corrected, but device cost and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemagnetic field correction accuracyVSAvoidcorrection coil structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the correction function from a separate physical correction coil and integrates it into the existing gradient magnetic field coil system through software-based current command correction. The eddy current correction is achieved by calculating correction values based on measured voltage and current signals, eliminating the need for additional correction coils while maintaining correction accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the mechanical/physical correction coil system with an electronic/software-based correction system. Instead of using physical components (correction coils) to generate counteracting magnetic fields, the system uses electronic signal processing to calculate and apply current command corrections that compensate for eddy current effects

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Ease of manufacture

If a fixed filter with predetermined time constant is used for correction, then correction implementation is simplified, but correction accuracy deteriorates due to inability to adapt to temperature changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecorrection system implementationVSAvoidcorrection accuracy under temperature variation
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention transforms the static, fixed-time-constant filter approach into a dynamic adaptation system. The system dynamically determines the time constant based on actual voltage and current measurements during operation, allowing the correction parameters to adapt to changing conditions such as temperature variations, while maintaining implementation simplicity through automated calculation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention implements a feedback mechanism where the actual voltage and current signals are continuously measured and used to calculate the eddy current time constant. This feedback loop allows the system to automatically adjust correction parameters based on real-time operating conditions, ensuring accurate correction across varying temperatures without manual recalibration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Productivity

If high-speed pulsed driving of gradient magnetic field is performed to improve image quality, then imaging speed is enhanced, but eddy current distortion increases leading to image quality deterioration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimaging speedVSAvoidimage quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies preliminary anti-action by calculating and applying eddy current correction values to the current command before the gradient magnetic field is actually applied. The system predicts the eddy current effects based on the commanded current waveform and pre-compensates by adjusting the current command, thereby preventing magnetic field distortion before it occurs and maintaining image quality during high-speed imaging

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively reduces magnetic field distortion, maintaining image quality by accurately correcting current command values and adapting to changes in the time constant of eddy currents without the need for additional hardware or phantoms, thus enhancing MRI image clarity.

Implementation Method 1

a current of several hundred amperes (A) at several hundred Hz is supplied to a coil that generates the gradient magnetic field. Such a high-speed temporal magnetic field change generates eddy currents in a conductor near the coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEddy currents: Eddy Currents

Implementation Method 2

Such a high-speed temporal magnetic field change generates eddy currents in a conductor near the coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

a correction device is used for an apparatus including a coil and a conductor in a vicinity of the coil. The correction device corrects an influence of a magnetic field generated by the conductor when a current flows through the coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3318887B1A device and a method for correcting the current in a gradient coil of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus for the compensation of the effect of eddy currents
Publication Date: 2021.10.13 KK TOSHIBA
  • EP3318887B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3318887B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3318887B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

According to one embodiment, a correction device (1) is used for an apparatus including a coil and a conductor in a vicinity of the coil. The correction device (1) corrects an influence of a magnetic field generated by the conductor when a current flows through the coil. The correction device (1) includes a first measuring device (3), a second measuring device (4), and a control device (2). The first measuring device (3) measures a first signal of the coil. The second measuring device (4) measures a second signal of the coil, which is different from the first signal. The control device (2) estimates the influence acting on the coil, based on a difference between the first signal filtered by a first filter and the second signal filtered by a second filter. Furthermore, the control device (2) controls a command signal for flowing the current to the coil, based on an estimation result of the influence.