Grafted Chain Solid Support for Biomolecule Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for the separation and purification of biomolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, face limitations in efficiency and specificity due to the lack of advanced materials and techniques that can effectively interact with target compounds.
Innovation Solution
The development of articles with a solid support and grafted chains, where the grafted chains have functional groups that can react or interact with target compounds, allowing for improved binding capacity through strategic positioning and modification of these groups.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional polymeric solid supports are used for separation and purification, then the basic separation function is achieved, but the efficiency and specificity are limited due to lack of advanced interaction mechanisms
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining a polymeric solid support with grafted chains containing functional groups. This creates a composite structure where the polymeric support provides structural framework while the grafted chains with specific functional groups (ionic, hydrophobic, affinity groups) provide enhanced interaction capabilities with target compounds, thereby improving both separation efficiency and adaptability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements local quality by introducing grafted chains with specific functional groups at particular locations on the solid support surface. This allows different regions of the support to have different interaction properties (ionic, hydrophobic, affinity), enabling selective and specific interactions with target compounds while maintaining the overall structural integrity of the support
2Ease of manufacture
If simple polymeric supports are used, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the dynamic binding capacity is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-grafting chains containing functional groups onto the polymeric solid support during the manufacturing process. This preliminary functionalization is performed before the support is used for separation, allowing the support to be manufactured with enhanced binding capacity built-in, rather than requiring subsequent complex modification steps that would compromise manufacturing simplicity
3Ease of operation
If functional groups are positioned on the surface of the solid support, then accessibility is good, but binding capacity is limited due to surface area constraints
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dimensionality change by transitioning from a two-dimensional surface arrangement of functional groups to a three-dimensional structure with grafted chains extending from the support surface. This creates additional spatial dimension for functional group placement, increasing the effective binding capacity while maintaining accessibility through the extended chain structures that project into the solution phase
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances the separation and purification processes by providing a more effective interaction with target compounds, improving the dynamic binding capacity and adaptability for various biomolecules, especially proteins and nucleic acids.
Implementation Method 1
the grafted chain has a functional group that can react with or interact with a target compound
Implementation Method 2
separation and/or purification of target compounds based on the presence of an ionic group, based on the size of the target compound, based on a hydrophobic interaction, based on an affinity interaction, or based on the formation of a covalent bond
Implementation Method 3
The grafted chains are attached to the solid support through a ring-opened azlactone group
Data Source
AI summary
Articles that contain a solid support with a grafted chain extending from the solid support, methods of making these articles, and various uses of the articles are described. More specifically, the grafted chain has a functional group that can react with or interact with target compound. Alternatively, the functional group on the grafted chain can react with a modifying agent to provide another group that can react with or interact with the target compound. The grafted chains are attached to the solid support through a ring-opened azlactone group. The articles can be used to purify the target compound or to separate the target compound from other molecules in a sample.