Grant-Free Packet Control for 5G Priority Scheduling
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Solution Overview
Problem
In 5G mobile communication systems, the high-priority packets experience increased delay due to the lack of priority differentiation between services, leading to potential collisions and excessive repetition in grant-free schemes, which limits reliability and increases latency.
Innovation Solution
A control device and system that determines whether a packet with a high priority identifier is transmitted using a grant-free scheme, estimates traffic volume thresholds, and generates control signals to optimize packet transfer timing based on priority, ensuring timely transmission of high-priority packets.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If grant-free scheme is used for uplink packet transfer, then scheduling request and control time are reduced, but reliability is limited by packet collision between multiple radio terminals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the packet transfer process by introducing a two-stage mechanism: grant-free transmission for initial packets and dynamic grant-based transmission for subsequent packets. This segmentation allows the system to benefit from the low-latency grant-free scheme while mitigating its reliability issues through selective use of grant-based transmission when collision risk is detected.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic adaptation by continuously monitoring packet reception status and adjusting the transmission scheme in real-time. When packet loss or collision is detected, the system dynamically switches from grant-free to grant-based transmission, and vice versa, optimizing the balance between latency and reliability based on current channel conditions.
2Reliability
If k-repetition scheme is used for repeated transmission, then reliability is improved, but delay time increases due to excessive repetition
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of applying full k-repetition to all packets, the patent applies repetition selectively and partially. It determines the minimum necessary repetition based on packet priority, traffic conditions, and channel quality, performing only the essential number of repetitions needed to achieve adequate reliability without unnecessary delay.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically changes the repetition parameter k based on real-time conditions. For high-priority packets requiring low latency, it uses smaller k values or no repetition. For lower-priority packets or poor channel conditions, it increases k values. This parameter adaptation optimizes the trade-off between reliability improvement and delay introduction.
3Productivity
If multiple services with same priority are transmitted in the same time slot, then resource utilization is improved, but transfer reservation time increases causing delay
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different quality levels of service to different packets within the same time slot based on their priority identifiers. High-priority packets receive preferential treatment with dedicated resources and faster processing, while lower-priority packets share resources more generously. This local differentiation allows high-utilization resource sharing without compromising the delay performance of critical packets.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary classification and prioritization of packets before transmission. By identifying high-priority packets in advance and preparing their transmission parameters, the system can quickly allocate resources and minimize reservation time for these packets, even when multiple services are present in the same time slot.
Data Source
AI summary
A control device includes: a scheme determination unit configured to determine whether a packet to which an identifier of a priority is assigned is transmitted in conformity with a grant-free scheme; a time estimation unit configured to estimate a time in which a traffic volume of the packet is equal to or more than a threshold; and a transfer control unit configured to generate a control signal of a signal transfer device so that the signal transfer device transfers a packet that has arrived at the signal transfer device in the estimated time in accordance with the identifier of the priority. The scheme determination unit determines whether the repeated transmission of the packet is performed. The time estimation unit estimates a time in which the plurality of packets arrive at the signal transfer device a predetermined number of times at predetermined time intervals when it is determined that the repeated transmission of the packets is performed.