Grant-Free Data Transmission Resource Contention and Collision Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing data transmission methods in LTE systems face challenges such as resource collision and increased delay due to base station scheduling, especially in scenarios like Multi-Machine type communication, where spectral efficiency is low and access delay is high, particularly in massive connection scenarios.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus for data transmission that determines contention resources for scheduling-free access, allowing UEs to autonomously select resources for data transmission, reducing collisions and delays through techniques like Clear Channel Assessment, load-based backoff, and dynamic signaling, and enabling efficient resource allocation using licensed and unlicensed carriers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If base station scheduling is used for uplink data transmission, then resource allocation control is improved, but access delay increases and signaling overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the resource allocation process into two parts: contention-based random access for initial resource acquisition, and scheduled access for subsequent transmissions. This segmentation allows UEs to bypass the scheduling delay for initial access while maintaining controlled resource usage through later scheduling phases.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements preliminary action by allowing UEs to perform contention-based random access and secure resources before actual data transmission begins. This preliminary resource acquisition eliminates the need for real-time scheduling decisions, thereby reducing access delay for urgent transmissions.
2Loss of time
If grant-free access mode is used for data transmission, then signaling overhead is reduced and access delay is shortened, but resource collision increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates feedback mechanisms where the base station monitors contention-based access attempts and provides feedback to UEs about resource usage status. This feedback loop allows the system to detect and resolve collisions dynamically, maintaining reliability while preserving the low-latency benefits of grant-free access.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of resource access from purely random selection to a hybrid approach where UEs can select from pre-configured resource pools and adjust their access parameters based on collision detection and base station feedback, thereby reducing collision probability while maintaining fast access.
3Productivity
If NOMA technology is used for signal transmission, then spectral efficiency is improved, but system performance becomes dependent on receiving end capability and verification complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial NOMA by implementing it only in specific scenarios where the base station has sufficient processing capability and the channel conditions are favorable. This partial application maintains spectral efficiency improvements while avoiding the complexity burden in situations where NOMA is not necessary or feasible.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a data transmission method, including: determining, on pre-divided contention access-based resources for data transmission, contention resources for data transmission; and performing resource contention on determined contention resources, and transmitting data on the resource obtained by the contention.