Grant-Free Uplink Resource Allocation for Low-Latency URLLC
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current communication technologies face challenges in meeting the 1ms latency and reliability requirements for ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services due to resource allocation methods that result in high latency and potential resource conflicts, especially in high network load scenarios.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus for grant-free transmission where a base station dynamically allocates dedicated or shared resources to terminals based on service load evaluation, monitoring service interaction states and allocating dedicated resources during low load and shared resources during high load to reduce latency and prevent resource conflicts.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If orthogonal uplink resources are allocated to all terminals through scheduling, then resource conflicts are avoided, but latency increases and reliability requirements for URLLC cannot be met
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between scheduled transmission and grant-free transmission modes based on service requirements and network conditions. For URLLC services requiring low latency, the terminal directly transmits data without scheduling requests, while other services continue to use traditional scheduling, creating a flexible, adaptive resource allocation mechanism that optimizes both reliability and latency performance
Solution Approach 2:
The uplink resources are segmented into two distinct types: scheduled resources for conventional services and grant-free resources for URLLC services. This segmentation allows different transmission mechanisms to operate independently on different resource pools, preventing resource conflicts while enabling low-latency direct transmission for time-critical services
2Loss of time
If grant-free transmission resources are shared among terminals, then latency is reduced, but resource collisions occur and transmission rate decreases
Solution Approach 1:
Different quality levels of resource allocation are applied to different terminals based on their service requirements and channel conditions. Terminals with urgent URLLC traffic receive dedicated grant-free resources with higher priority, while terminals with less time-sensitive traffic share resources at lower priority levels, creating a hierarchical resource quality structure that minimizes collisions for critical services while maintaining overall system throughput
Solution Approach 2:
The base station provides feedback to terminals about resource allocation status, collision detection results, and channel conditions. This feedback enables terminals to adjust their transmission parameters, select alternative resources when collisions are detected, and optimize their grant-free transmission behavior to maintain high transmission rates while achieving low latency
Data Source
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AI summary
Disclosed are a scheduling-free transmission method and apparatus. The method comprises: monitoring a service interaction state to obtain a service requirement evaluation result; determining whether the service requirement evaluation result represents a low service load, and if so, allocating dedicated resources to a terminal, otherwise, allocating shared resources to the terminal; acquiring a transmission result of data transmission carried out by the terminal based on the allocated resources; and based on the transmission result, sending response information to the terminal according to a pre-set dynamic response rule. In this way, a terminal can transmit data by means of dedicated resources when a service load is low, and the terminal transmits data using shared resources when the service load is high, thereby reducing time delays, preventing resource conflicts, and increasing the transmission rate and reliability.