Graph Database Query Acceleration via Machine Learning Embeddings

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Solution Overview

Problem

Graph databases face performance issues as data volume increases, leading to slow query processing times, making it difficult for application developers to achieve real-time results.

Innovation Solution

Integration of automated machine learning techniques that utilize graph neural networks to enhance query processing by exporting a portion of the graph dataset, processing it, and training machine learning models to improve query speed and accuracy, allowing the graph database to execute queries against the output dataset.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If more information is stored by the graph database, then the data completeness and analytical capability are improved, but the query performance and processing speed deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata volumeVSAvoidquery processing speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the graph dataset into training data and query data portions. Machine learning models are trained on the training data portion to create pre-computed representations (embeddings) that capture the essential patterns and relationships. During query execution, these pre-computed representations are used instead of processing the entire graph dataset, thereby segmenting the computational workload and improving query performance while maintaining data completeness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-training machine learning models on the graph dataset before query execution. The models are trained offline to learn node embeddings, edge predictions, and graph patterns. This preliminary training creates optimized data structures and representations that can be rapidly queried without re-processing the entire dataset, thus improving query speed while maintaining comprehensive data storage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Measurement precision

If complex queries are executed on large graph datasets, then the analytical depth and insight quality are improved, but the query execution time increases excessively

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequery result accuracyVSAvoidquery execution time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces machine learning models as intermediaries between the graph database and query processing. These models act as mediators that have been pre-trained to understand complex graph patterns and relationships. When a query is executed, the intermediary model rapidly retrieves pre-computed representations and patterns rather than performing exhaustive graph traversals, thereby maintaining analytical depth while significantly reducing execution time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter representation of graph data by transforming raw graph structures into learned embeddings and feature vectors through machine learning models. This parameter transformation converts complex relational data into optimized numerical representations that can be processed much faster while preserving the semantic meaning and analytical value, thus reducing query execution time without sacrificing result accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentUS12072936B2Using graph queries to obtain results from machine learning models
Publication Date: 2024.08.27 AMAZON TECH INC
  • US12072936B2 patent drawing
  • US12072936B2 patent drawing
  • US12072936B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A computer-implemented method performed at least in part by a graph database configured to store at least one graph dataset. The method includes receiving a graph query configured to be performed against a machine learning model, and communicating the graph query with a machine learning system that is configured to use the machine learning model to obtain model inference results and communicate those model inference results to the graph database application. The graph database provides query results based at least in part on the model inference results to an entity.