Graphite Intercalation Compound Conductors for Aerospace Weight Reduction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Graphite intercalation compounds, while offering reduced weight and comparable electrical conductivity, are brittle and have limited electrical conductivity normal to the planes due to guest molecule intercalation, which restricts their application in weight-sensitive industries like aerospace.

Innovation Solution

Forming electrical conductors by surrounding graphite intercalation compounds with multiple layers of electrically conductive material, extending coverage in both planar and normal directions to enhance conductivity and durability, and dispersing these compounds within a base matrix for further weight reduction.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Weight of moving object

If graphite intercalation compounds are used as electrical conductors, then weight is reduced and in-plane electrical conductivity is improved, but the material becomes brittle and electrical conductivity normal to the planes is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveweightVSAvoidbrittleness
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines graphite intercalation compounds with metallic materials to form a composite electrical conductor. The graphite intercalation compound provides weight reduction and high in-plane conductivity, while the metallic material compensates for brittleness and provides conductivity in the normal direction, creating a composite structure that balances all required properties

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent structures the electrical conductor with graphite intercalation compound layers nested within or surrounded by metallic material layers. This nested arrangement allows the lightweight graphite core to provide mass reduction while the enclosing metallic layers provide mechanical strength and supplemental conductivity pathways

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Weight of moving object

If graphite intercalation compounds are used as electrical conductors, then weight is reduced, but electrical conductivity normal to the planes is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveweightVSAvoidelectrical conductivity normal to planes
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The composite structure combines graphite intercalation compound with metallic material, where the metallic component provides conductivity pathways in the normal direction that compensate for the graphite's limited through-plane conductivity, ensuring reliable electrical transmission in all directions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The metallic material acts as an intermediary that bridges the electrical conductivity limitation of graphite in the normal direction, providing alternative conduction pathways that enable reliable electrical transmission perpendicular to the graphite planes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Weight of moving object

If graphite intercalation compounds are used as electrical conductors, then weight is reduced and in-plane electrical conductivity is improved, but the material is susceptible to exfoliation at increased temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveweightVSAvoidthermal stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite where thermally stable metallic material surrounds or supports the graphite intercalation compound, providing thermal anchoring that prevents exfoliation at elevated temperatures while preserving the weight reduction benefits of the graphite component

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The metallic material provides pre-established thermal support and structural reinforcement to the graphite intercalation compound, cushioning against thermal stress and preventing exfoliation before it can occur during temperature increases

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution achieves significant weight reduction with maintained or improved electrical conductivity, addressing brittleness and directional conductivity limitations, making them suitable for weight-critical applications like aerospace.

Implementation Method 1

at least some known processes effectively introduce 'dopant' guest molecules or atoms between the graphene layers via diffusion due to the relatively weak bond strength between adjacent graphene layers in graphitic carbon

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffusion: Diffusion

Data Source

PatentEP3092652B1Electrical conductors and methods of forming thereof
Publication Date: 2019.11.13 THE BOEING CO
  • EP3092652B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3092652B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3092652B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

An electrical conductor is provided. The electrical conductor includes a graphite intercalation compound and at least one layer of electrically conductive material extending over at least a portion of the graphite intercalation compound. The graphite intercalation compound includes a carbon-based particle and a plurality of guest molecules intercalated in the carbon-based particle.