Grate Block Wear Resistance via Localized Wall Thickening
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Solution Overview
Problem
Combustion grate blocks experience high wear and tear, particularly at the bearing face, due to the incinerator charge distribution and thermal loads, leading to erosion and reduced service life, especially in step grates where uneven distribution and lack of insulation exacerbate these issues.
Innovation Solution
The grate block design features a thickened upper and front wall configuration with angled air supply ducts and further air supply ducts for optimized cooling, reducing erosion and extending service life by distributing heat stress and improving air flow for efficient combustion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the grate block uses a conventional design with thin walls and standard air supply openings, then the manufacturing cost is lower and the structure is simpler, but the bearing face experiences high erosion and reduced service life due to wear from incinerator charge distribution and thermal loads
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by thickening specifically the upper wall and front wall regions that are most exposed to wear and thermal loads, while other portions of the grate block maintain standard thickness. This localized reinforcement at the bearing face and air supply opening areas provides enhanced erosion resistance without unnecessarily increasing the complexity or cost of the entire grate block structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates preliminary action by pre-positioning air supply openings at optimized locations and angles before the incinerator charge begins to erode them. The air supply ducts are angled to direct airflow away from the foremost end where erosion is highest, and openings are positioned to provide cooling air supply in advance before thermal and mechanical wear compromise the structure.
2Productivity
If air supply openings are positioned at the foremost end of the bearing face to provide cooling, then combustion efficiency is improved, but the openings are most susceptible to erosion and compromise the controlled air supply to the combustion bed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-positioning air supply openings at optimized locations and angles before the incinerator charge begins to erode them. The air supply ducts are angled to direct airflow away from the foremost end where erosion is highest, and openings are positioned to provide cooling air supply in advance before thermal and mechanical wear compromise the structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of thermal loads and wear into a benefit by using the airflow through the air supply openings to cool and protect the bearing face from excessive heat and erosion. The same openings that provide combustion air also serve as cooling channels that reduce thermal stress and prevent material degradation, turning a vulnerability into a protective feature.
3Reliability
If the grate block walls are thickened to resist thermal loads and erosion, then the service life is extended, but the manufacturing cost and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by thickening specifically the upper wall and front wall regions that are most exposed to wear and thermal loads, while other portions of the grate block maintain standard thickness. This localized reinforcement at the bearing face and air supply opening areas provides enhanced erosion resistance without unnecessarily increasing the complexity or cost of the entire grate block structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design minimizes erosion of the bearing face and extends the service life of the grate block by enhancing air supply and cooling, ensuring consistent and efficient incineration of waste while withstanding thermal loads.
Implementation Method 1
air supply lines are provided, which pass through the combustion grate and through which the air, also referred to as primary air, is introduced
Implementation Method 2
Further air supply ducts (38) which run through into the upper wall (14) and the front wall (20) and are aligned obliquely to the direction of the first air supply ducts (27), wherein the further air supply ducts (38) form further air supply openings (35) in the upper wall (14) and in the front wall (20)
Data Source
AI summary
A grate block for a combustion grate, wherein consecutive grate blocks are arranged one over the other in a staircase manner and rearrange to convey the combustible material during combustion by means of pushing motions performed in relation to each other. The grate block includes a block body including an upper wall forming a bearing surface, along which wall the combustible material is conveyed, and a front wall forming a push surface, which has first air supply openings formed by a first air supply channel for feeding air to the combustion grate, and a lower bearing edge intended to come into contact with the bearing surface of a grate block located adjacent in the pushing direction S. Further air supply channels, which traverse and are directed obliquely with respect to the direction of the first air supply channels, are arranged in the upper and front walls for cooling the walls.