Gravity Rundown Tank Layout for Turbomachinery Pump Switchover

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional gravity rundown lubrication tanks in turbomachinery systems provide emergency lubrication only after an emergency shutdown, failing to offer backup lubrication during switchover operations and being prone to failures due to maintenance and wear issues with separate hydraulic accumulators.

Innovation Solution

Modifying gravity rundown lubrication tanks to provide both accumulator action pressure-flow and emergency lubrication by elevating them to create a static pressure greater than the shutdown trip pressure threshold, allowing for backup lubrication during switchover and emergency shutdowns, and potentially using dual tanks to extend the duration of lubrication fluid supply.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a gravity rundown lubrication tank is used for emergency lubrication only, then the system provides backup lubrication during coastdown, but it fails to provide lubrication during switchover operations and requires separate hydraulic accumulators

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelubrication reliability during switchoverVSAvoidsystem complexity with separate accumulators
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the emergency lubrication tank and hydraulic accumulator into a single integrated gravity rundown lubrication tank. The tank is elevated to a height that creates static pressure exceeding the shutdown trip pressure threshold, enabling it to perform both emergency lubrication during coastdown and provide pressure backup during switchover operations, thereby eliminating the need for separate accumulator components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The gravity rundown lubrication tank is designed to perform multiple functions: it provides emergency lubrication during coastdown operations and simultaneously serves as a pressure backup source during pump switchover operations. By elevating the tank to create sufficient static pressure, a single component fulfills roles that previously required separate systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If separate hydraulic accumulators are used for backup pressure, then switchover lubrication is provided, but maintenance and wear issues arise

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebackup pressure reliabilityVSAvoidmaintenance complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the accumulator function from the system and integrates it into the gravity rundown lubrication tank. By eliminating the separate hydraulic accumulator component and its associated maintenance requirements, the system reduces wear issues and simplifies maintenance while maintaining backup pressure reliability through the elevated tank's static pressure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Reliability

If the gravity rundown tank is elevated to provide static pressure greater than shutdown trip pressure, then backup lubrication during switchover is enabled, but the tank requires greater elevation height

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebackup lubrication capabilityVSAvoidtank elevation height
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLength of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the pressure parameter threshold by elevating the tank height so that the static pressure exceeds the shutdown trip pressure threshold. This parameter change enables the tank to activate during switchover operations rather than only during coastdown, providing backup lubrication capability while accepting the trade-off of increased elevation height

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Productivity

If standby pumps are given more time to initiate, then unnecessary shutdowns are minimized, but the response time to critical pressure drops may be delayed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshutdown preventionVSAvoidresponse time delay
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The elevated gravity rundown lubrication tank is pre-positioned to provide immediate static pressure backup when pressure drops occur during switchover operations. This preliminary action allows standby pumps additional time to initiate and reach full operation without causing unnecessary shutdowns, as the elevated tank provides immediate pressure support during the transition period

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This modification eliminates the need for separate accumulators, enhances operational reliability by using gravity as a more reliable motive force, reduces maintenance, and extends the time for standby pumps to initiate, thereby minimizing unnecessary shutdowns and costs.

Implementation Method 1

elevating them to create a static pressure greater than the shutdown trip pressure threshold, allowing for backup lubrication during switchover

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity: Gravitation

Implementation Method 2

by elevating them to create a static pressure greater than the shutdown trip pressure threshold

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStatic pressure: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 3

The gravity rundown lubrication tank provides emergency lubrication to the turbomachinery bearing during coastdown

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity flow: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP3853446B1Turbomachinery lubrication system with gravity rundown tank and corresponding lubrication method
Publication Date: 2024.01.03 SAUDI ARABIAN OIL CO
  • EP3853446B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3853446B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3853446B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A pressurized lubrication system 122 for turbomachinery includes a gravity rundown lubrication tank 116 raised vertically above a turbomachinery train. The gravity rundown tank 116 is typically designed to provide emergency fluid lubrication during shutdown if the main and standby lubrication pumps fail to operate. This invention describes a gravity rundown tank with additional novel function of providing higher pressure accumulator action lubrication fluid to delay and prevent a shutdown trip of the turbomachinery. The gravity rundown tank with novel features can be a single tank with multiple functions, or a plurality of tanks utilizing gravity pressure to ensure emergency lubrication at rundown, and providing accumulator action delay pressure and flow when switching from main to standby lubrication pumps. This improvement in the state of the art leads to eliminating the need for conventional equipment such as accumulators thus providing higher lubrication system reliability and minimizing cost and complexity.