Green Glass Composition with Iron Oxide and Titanium Dioxide
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional green glass compositions fail to achieve high visible light transmittance while effectively lowering solar heat and ultraviolet ray transmittance without using costly components like Ce, Co, and Cr, and often result in poor bubble quality.
Innovation Solution
A green glass composition comprising 0.65-1.3 wt% Fe2O3, 0.1-0.4 wt% TiO2, and 0.05-0.20 wt% SO3, with an oxidation-reduction ratio of 0.22 to 0.38, and a method involving a specific weight ratio of Glauber salt to reducing agent in the glass raw material batch to control transmittance and bubble quality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If iron oxide is used as a coloring agent to reduce manufacturing costs, then manufacturing cost decreases, but visible light transmittance and solar heat radiation transmittance deteriorate due to strong light absorption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent precisely controls the oxidation-reduction ratio of iron oxide at 0.22-0.38 and optimizes the Fe2O3 content at 0.65-1.3 wt%, transforming the chemical state of iron to achieve green coloration with improved light transmittance properties
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite coloring system by combining iron oxide with titanium oxide (0.1-0.4 wt%) and sulfur trioxide (0.05-0.20 wt%), where titanium oxide enhances UV absorption and sulfur trioxide controls bubble formation, achieving multiple functions simultaneously
2Device complexity
If conventional green glass composition is used, then manufacturing process is simple, but bubble quality deteriorates due to insufficient bubble removal
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the sulfur trioxide content at 0.05-0.20 wt% and controls the oxidation-reduction ratio to achieve complete bubble removal while maintaining process simplicity, transforming the chemical environment to eliminate defects
Solution Approach 2:
Sulfur trioxide acts as an intermediary agent that facilitates bubble removal by controlling the oxidation-reduction reactions during melting, mediating between the molten glass and gas bubbles to achieve defect-free glass
3Object-affected harmful factors
If cerium oxide is used as a coloring agent to improve ultraviolet ray transmittance, then ultraviolet ray transmittance decreases, but manufacturing cost increases due to expensive rare earth material
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive rare earth cerium oxide with iron oxide combined with titanium oxide, using abundant and inexpensive materials to achieve UV absorption functionality, making the process economically viable
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes titanium oxide content at 0.1-0.4 wt% to enhance UV absorption capabilities, compensating for the removal of cerium oxide and achieving comparable or superior UV protection at lower cost
4Shape
If CoO and Cr2O3 are used as coloring agents to add blue and green color, then color intensity increases, but visible light transmittance deteriorates due to strong light absorption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent controls the oxidation-reduction ratio at 0.22-0.38 to optimize the color expression of iron oxide, achieving green coloration with balanced saturation and light transmittance, avoiding excessive color intensity that would block visible light
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines iron oxide with titanium oxide to create a composite coloring system where titanium oxide contributes to UV absorption while iron oxide provides green coloration, achieving balanced optical properties with improved visible light transmittance compared to using CoO or Cr2O3 alone
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides green glass with high visible light transmittance, low solar heat and ultraviolet ray transmittance, and excellent bubble quality, making it suitable for vehicle and building windows.
Implementation Method 1
Iron oxide absorbs visible light and infrared rays in a reduced state, and absorbs visible light and ultraviolet rays in an oxidized state
Implementation Method 2
Iron oxide absorbs visible light and infrared rays in a reduced state
Implementation Method 3
CeO2 is effective in restraining the transmittance of ultraviolet rays
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to: a green glass composition, which can reduce the cooling load of a building and a vehicle by effectively lowering solar heat ray and ultraviolet ray transmittance while ensuring a high visible light transmittance suitable for window glass without using a coloring agent such as Ce, Co and Cr, and also has excellent bubble quality; green glass manufactured therefrom; and a method for manufacturing green glass.