GRIA1 Gene Mutation Analysis for Bovine Ovum Collection Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current breeding methods for bovines lack an efficient way to determine the genetic potential for ovum collection, leading to variability in the number of ova produced during superovulatory treatments, as no genomic information on ovum collection efficiency has been clarified.
Innovation Solution
Identification of the GRIA1 gene, which encodes an ion channel protein, as a factor related to ovum collection efficiency, using a method that examines for specific mutations such as the amino acid substitution of serine to asparagine at position 306 in the GRIA1 protein, allowing for the determination of ovum collection efficiency through genetic analysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional breeding methods are used without genomic information, then breeding can proceed with basic care and treatment protocols, but the efficiency of ovum collection varies widely (0 to 50 ova) and cannot be accurately predicted or optimized
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary genetic testing for GRIA1 gene mutations before superovulatory treatment. By examining whether the bovine has at least one mutation in the GRIA1 gene that results in abnormal GRIA1 protein, the method predicts ovum collection efficiency in advance, allowing breeders to select appropriate candidates for superovulation and avoid treatments that would yield poor results.
2Productivity
If genomic information for ovum collection efficiency is not available, then breeding programs must rely on empirical care methods, but this leads to inability to rapidly identify high-efficiency bovines and slows breeding progress
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces empirical, trial-and-error breeding approaches with a genetically-based selection system. Instead of relying on phenotypic observations and care protocols, the method uses molecular genetic analysis of the GRIA1 gene to objectively identify bovines with high ovum collection potential, thereby accelerating breeding program productivity.
3Ease of manufacture
If superovulatory treatment is applied to all bovines regardless of genetic potential, then all animals receive equal treatment opportunity, but resources are wasted on animals with low genetic efficiency (0-50 ova variation) and high-efficiency animals cannot be distinguished
Solution Approach 1:
The invention applies differentiated treatment based on local genetic characteristics. By identifying specific GRIA1 gene mutations that correlate with high ovum collection efficiency, the method enables selective application of superovulatory treatment to only those bovines with the favorable genetic profile, optimizing resource allocation while maintaining protocol simplicity.
Data Source
AI summary
The novel means by which an efficiency of ovum collection can be easily determined in bovine at gene level is disclosed. The present inventors performed the genomic linkage analysis using bovine populations with high and low efficiency of ovum collection and to identify GRIA1 gene, which encodes an ion channel protein, as a factor deeply related to an efficiency of ovum collection. Bovines having a mutation (e.g. the amino acid substitution of aa306) in GRIA1 produce significantly fewer ova on superovulatory treatment than those not having the mutation. Therefore, the efficiency of ovum collection can be determined based on the existence of a mutation in GRIA1 gene.