Grid Inertia Determination via Frequency Band Filtering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for determining grid inertia in electric power grids are inaccurate due to limitations in measuring all frequency variations, leading to incomplete representation of power balance changes, which affects the accuracy of inertia characteristics.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus and method that filter signals to specific frequency bands to attenuate outside frequencies, allowing for the determination of inertia characteristics based on the proportion of power balance changes within these bands, matching the frequency band of the grid frequency signal, thereby improving accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If signal filtering is applied to attenuate frequencies outside the first frequency band, then measurement precision of grid inertia is improved, but loss of information about power balance changes occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the frequency spectrum into multiple frequency bands (first frequency band for grid frequency signal, second frequency band for power balance signal). By segmenting the analysis into specific frequency ranges, the method isolates relevant inertia-related information while filtering out noise and irrelevant high-frequency components, thus improving measurement precision without losing critical power balance information within the targeted bands.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the power balance signal into the frequency domain and applies frequency-based filtering parameters. By changing the representation from time domain to frequency domain and selectively attenuating frequencies outside the second frequency band, the method preserves essential power balance information while removing noise, resolving the contradiction between information retention and measurement precision.
2Reliability
If frequency band filtering is used to determine inertia characteristics, then reliability of inertia estimation is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex physical measurement systems with signal processing algorithms. Instead of using additional physical sensors or complex hardware, the method uses digital signal processing techniques (Fourier transform, frequency filtering) to extract inertia characteristics from existing grid frequency and power balance signals, thereby improving reliability without significantly increasing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the frequency filtering apparatus multi-functional by using it to determine both grid frequency characteristics and power balance characteristics from the same filtered signals. This universal approach allows a single filtering system to serve multiple measurement purposes, improving reliability while avoiding the need for separate complex measurement systems for each function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach provides a more accurate estimation of grid inertia by considering only the relevant frequency components, enhancing the grid's response to power balance changes and frequency variations, thus aiding in frequency stabilization strategies.
Implementation Method 1
the signal having been filtered according to a first filter defining a first frequency band to at least attenuate frequencies outside of the first frequency band
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2a~2b
Figure 3
AI summary
Apparatus and methods for determining an inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of an electric power grid are described. First data is determined. The first data represents a signal comprising a first variation in the grid frequency over a period of time, the signal resulting from a second variation, the second variation being a variation in provision of electric power to and/or consumption of electric power from the grid, the signal having been filtered according to a first filter defining a first frequency band to at least attenuate frequencies outside of the first frequency band. Second data is determined. The second data is representative of the second variation on a second frequency band, the second frequency band being substantially the same as the first frequency band. An inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of the electric power grid is determined based on the first data and the second data.