Grid Phase Angle Monitoring for Disturbance Localization
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing integration of renewable energy sources into three-phase electricity supply grids complicates grid control due to their fluctuating power output and different responses to frequency and voltage changes, making it challenging for control centers to maintain stability and effectively utilize these sources for monitoring and control.
Innovation Solution
A method that involves acquiring and analyzing node voltages and their phase angles across the grid to identify dynamic deviations, propagate phase angle changes, and assess grid disturbances, allowing for the detection and localization of issues such as power imbalances and transmission line failures, and enabling targeted countermeasures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If renewable energy sources are integrated into the electricity supply grid, then the diversity of power generation increases, but the control difficulty and grid instability increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a monitoring system that continuously measures phase angles at multiple grid nodes and feeds this information back to detect disturbances. The system establishes reference phase angles and compares actual measurements against these references to identify deviations indicating grid disturbances, enabling real-time feedback control to maintain stability despite renewable energy integration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the electricity supply grid into multiple observation nodes distributed across the grid topology. Each node independently measures its phase angle, allowing the system to segment the monitoring task across multiple locations. This segmentation enables localized detection of disturbances and propagates information through the grid hierarchy to identify the origin and extent of disturbances
2Ease of operation
If conventional control methods using large generators are applied, then grid control is manageable, but the stabilizing effect decreases as the share of large generators decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces phase angle measurements as an intermediary parameter to indirectly detect grid disturbances and power flows. Instead of directly controlling individual renewable energy sources, the system uses phase angle relationships at multiple nodes as mediators to identify disturbances and coordinate control actions across the distributed grid, enabling effective control without relying on large centralized generators
3Reliability
If extensive grid connection rules are implemented for renewable energy sources, then grid behavior is regulated, but the full potential of renewable sources for control and monitoring is not utilized
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables renewable energy sources to actively participate in grid monitoring and control by having them measure and report their own phase angles to the monitoring system. This self-service approach allows renewable energy sources to contribute valuable data for disturbance detection while simultaneously receiving control instructions to maintain grid stability, transforming them from passive regulated entities to active participants in grid management
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for monitoring a three-phase electricity supply grid. The grid has a topology with spatially distributed grid nodes. Grid nodes are in the form of observation nodes at each of which at least one voltage is acquired in terms of absolute value and phase. The method includes acquiring in each case at least one node voltage at each observation node, where each node voltage has is a node phase angle as phase angle of the node voltage, and each node phase angle describes a respective phase angle with respect to a reference phase angle of a voltage. The method includes ascertaining at least one phase angle relationship that describes a relationship between at least two of the node phase angles distributed over the grid topology, and checking the electricity supply grid for a grid disturbance on the basis of the at least one phase angle relationship.