Multi-Area Power Grid State Estimation Divergence Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Large-scale power grid state estimators often diverge due to anomalies in measurement sets or network models, leading to failure in providing solutions for the entire system, especially when individual area state estimators fail to converge, and existing methods are either computationally burdensome or ineffective in filtering out errors.
Innovation Solution
A two-level state estimation approach is implemented, where the power grid is partitioned into interconnected areas, with individual area state estimators calculating local solutions, and a central processor coordinates to synchronize and correct errors, isolating divergent areas to maintain partial system state estimation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a centralized state estimator is used for the entire power grid, then a complete system solution can be obtained, but the system is vulnerable to divergence caused by single anomalies in measurement sets or network models
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the power grid into multiple independent areas, each with its own state estimator. This segmentation allows local estimation without requiring centralized processing of the entire system, thereby improving reliability by isolating anomalies to specific areas while reducing the complexity of any single estimator.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes divergent areas from the overall state estimation process. When an area exhibits divergence or anomalies, it is identified and excluded from the combined solution, allowing the remaining areas to provide accurate state estimation without being affected by the problematic area.
2Productivity
If individual area state estimators are used independently, then computational burden is reduced and divergence is isolated, but complete system state estimation cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the solutions from multiple individual area state estimators to form a comprehensive system-wide state estimation. By merging the independent area solutions and coordinating boundary conditions, the system achieves both computational efficiency through distributed processing and complete system state information through integration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where area state estimators exchange information about boundary conditions and measurement data. This feedback loop allows individual area estimators to adjust their solutions based on system-wide constraints, ensuring that local computations contribute to an accurate global state estimation.
3Reliability
If the power grid is partitioned into multiple areas with individual state estimators, then divergence can be isolated to specific areas, but coordination and synchronization between areas become complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a central coordinator that acts as an intermediary between individual area state estimators. This coordinator manages the exchange of measurement data, coordinates boundary conditions, and synthesizes area solutions into a unified system estimate, thereby simplifying the coordination complexity while maintaining reliable divergence isolation.
Data Source
AI summary
Divergence of state estimation solutions for multi-area power grids typically occurs due to a single anomaly in the measurement set or network model, yet will cause failure of the state estimator to provide the solution for the entire system. Disclosed herein are methods and systems that allow detection, identification and isolation of the anomaly during the state estimation solution so that a large percentage of the system states can still be estimated, while isolating the anomaly that is causing the divergence for the estimator.