Grit Separation Apparatus with Conical Partition and Rotating Shaft
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing grit removal apparatuses in sewage treatment plants face design limitations in the orientation and size of effluent flume liquid flow channels, requiring them to have the same inner diameter and flow direction as influent flumes, limiting operational flexibility and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A grit separation apparatus with a cylindrical main chamber and a secondary grit storage chamber, featuring a vertical shaft for rotation and a conical partition creating subchambers with a fluid flow speed gradient, allowing omnidirectional radial or tangential escape of separated grit, accommodating differential fluid flow loads and enhancing grit removal efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the effluent flume is designed with the same inner diameter and flow direction as the influent flume, then the apparatus can operate with simplified design constraints, but the operational flexibility and efficiency are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The effluent flume is designed with dynamic geometric parameters including an inner diameter of 0.6-1.2 times the influent flume diameter and an angular deviation of 0-90 degrees from the influent flow direction, allowing the system to adapt to varying operational conditions while maintaining functional effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces angular deviation as a new dimensional parameter for the effluent flume orientation, moving beyond the traditional single-dimension constraint of aligned flow directions, thereby expanding the design space and operational flexibility of the grit removal apparatus
2Productivity
If the effluent flume inner diameter is increased to accommodate higher flow loads, then the apparatus can handle increased sewage flow, but the fluid flow speed decreases which may affect grit separation efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The effluent flume inner diameter is configured within the range of 0.6-1.2 times the influent flume diameter, providing a flexible parameter adjustment mechanism that allows optimization of flow capacity while maintaining sufficient flow velocity for effective grit separation under varying operational conditions
3Adaptability or versatility
If the effluent flume is oriented at an angular deviation from the influent flume direction, then the apparatus achieves omnidirectional escape capability for separated grit, but the design and installation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The apparatus is divided into functionally independent segments including the influent flume, settling chamber, and effluent flume with independent orientation, allowing each component to be optimized and installed separately with the effluent flume angled at 0-90 degrees relative to the influent flume for omnidirectional grit escape capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus achieves a 75% decrease in fluid flow speed gradient, improving grit removal efficiency by 10 to 15% compared to prior art, effectively separating grit while retaining organic solids in suspension, and accommodating increased sewage flow speeds without significant efficiency loss.
Implementation Method 1
A rotating blade sustains the rotational circulation brought about initially by the incoming tangential fluid flow
Implementation Method 2
Evacuation of sand and other grit material is done mainly under gravity into bottom grit pit
Implementation Method 3
said partition including a bottom central aperture housing said shaft, said partition bottom central aperture being spaced from said shaft to define an annular opening between said shaft and said partition to provide for upward flow of liquid from said lower subchamber to said upper subchamber
Data Source
AI summary
Apparatus for separating grit from liquid sewage while retaining organic solids in suspension. The apparatus includes a grit settling chamber, a grit storage chamber positioned below the settling chamber, and a rotating vertical shaft positioned centrally in the settling chamber. A propeller is rotatably mounted around the shaft. A conical partition extends transversely through an intermediate section of the settling chamber. Liquid sewage engages the lower part of settling chamber beneath the conical partition, and liquid separated from grit escapes from the upper part of settling-chamber above conical partition. The partition has a peripheral edge integrally mounted in fluid tight fashion to the peripheral wall of the settling chamber, and defines a central annular opening between the shaft and the partition to provide for upward flow of liquid from the lower subchamber to the upper subchamber. The propeller enables sustained rotational liquid sewage first fluid flow within the lower subchamber, inducing upward liquid second fluid flow from the lower subchamber through the partition annular opening and into the upper subchamber, and enables sustained rotational liquid third fluid flow within the upper subchamber for tangential or radial escape therefrom, wherein a fluid flow speed gradient is established between the third fluid flow and the first fluid flow.