Anhydrous Guanine Co-Crystals With Controlled Morphology and Refraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
The industrial use of synthetic anhydrous guanine crystals is hindered by their insolubility in most solvents and the difficulty in obtaining crystals with the desired morphology and thickness for high refractive index, leading to poor quality and high costs in extraction and purification.
Innovation Solution
A pH and temperature controlled process is employed to prepare synthetic co-crystals of anhydrous guanine with additional materials, involving the preparation of basic or acidic aqueous solutions, filtration, pH adjustment, and crystallization to achieve controlled crystal morphology and refractive index.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If synthetic anhydrous guanine is prepared using conventional methods, then the production process is simplified, but the crystal morphology and thickness cannot be controlled to achieve the desired high refractive index
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by controlling pH levels and temperature conditions during the crystallization process to achieve desired crystal morphology and thickness while maintaining manufacturing simplicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses co-crystallization with additional materials to form composite crystal structures that achieve the desired morphology and refractive index properties without complicating the overall production process
2Shape
If natural guanine crystals are extracted from fish scales, then the desired crystal morphology is obtained, but the extraction and purification process becomes complex and costly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential crystallization properties from natural guanine by using synthetic co-crystallization methods, eliminating the need for complex extraction and purification of fish scale materials while maintaining desired crystal morphology
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates synthetic copies of natural guanine crystal structures through controlled co-crystallization processes, replicating the desired morphology without requiring actual natural material extraction
3Ease of manufacture
If synthetic anhydrous guanine is prepared without co-crystallization, then the production process is simpler, but the refractive index and optical quality are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs co-crystallization with additional materials to create composite crystal structures that achieve the required refractive index between 1.65-1.95 while maintaining relatively simple production processes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes crystallization parameters including pH and temperature to control the formation of co-crystals with specific optical properties, ensuring high refractive index quality without significantly complicating manufacturing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The process enables the production of synthetic co-crystals with a refractive index between 1.65-1.95, providing high pearlescence and whiteness, suitable for applications in paints, coatings, and cosmetics.
Implementation Method 1
adjusting the pH of the filtrate by adding a base or an acid to the filtrate over a predefined period of time until a predetermined pH value is obtained
Implementation Method 2
a pH and temperature controlled process is employed to prepare synthetic co-crystals of anhydrous guanine with additional materials, involving the preparation of basic or acidic aqueous solutions, filtration, pH adjustment, and crystallization
Implementation Method 3
A pH and temperature controlled process is employed to prepare synthetic co-crystals of anhydrous guanine with additional materials
Implementation Method 4
Some of the most brilliant colors in nature are produced by the interaction of light with structured materials, causing light scattering or reflection
Implementation Method 5
Some of the most brilliant colors in nature are produced by the interaction of light with structured materials, causing light scattering or reflection
Implementation Method 6
the co-crystals have a high refraction index and therefore, provide products with pearlescence or whiteness with high coverage
Data Source
AI summary
This invention is directed to synthetic co-crystals of anhydrous guanine and at least one additional material, wherein the co-crystals have a high refraction index and therefore, provide products with pearlescence or whiteness with high coverage. The invention is further directed to a process for the preparation of anhydrous guanine and of the co-crystals.