Guard Wiring Crosstalk Cancellation in Printed Wiring Boards
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional printed wiring boards struggle to effectively suppress crosstalk noise between signal wirings due to design constraints on wiring area, particularly as electronic apparatuses are miniaturized and operate at higher frequencies, leading to increased crosstalk interference that can cause erroneous operations and signal jitter.
Innovation Solution
A printed wiring board design featuring at least three guard wirings between signal wirings, all electrically connected to a ground plane, which cancels out crosstalk components by providing multiple paths for noise propagation, thereby reducing crosstalk noise without widening the wiring area.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the number of guard wirings is increased to suppress crosstalk, then crosstalk suppression effect is improved, but wiring area increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the principle of converting harmful crosstalk components into beneficial cancellation effects. By arranging an odd number of guard wirings (at least three) between signal wirings, the patent creates multiple crosstalk propagation paths that generate crosstalk components with opposite phases. These components naturally cancel each other out, transforming the harmful effect of multiple coupling paths into a beneficial noise cancellation mechanism. This allows effective crosstalk suppression without requiring excessive wiring area, as the cancellation effect is achieved through the strategic arrangement and odd-number configuration of guard wirings rather than simply increasing their quantity or width.
2Volume of moving object
If wiring density is increased to miniaturize the printed wiring board, then device size is reduced, but crosstalk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating a specialized regional structure between signal wirings where an odd number of guard wirings are densely arranged. This local configuration creates a specific electromagnetic field distribution pattern in the space between signal wirings, generating multiple crosstalk paths that cancel each other out. The local quality enhancement in this specific region (the guard wiring zone) provides crosstalk cancellation without requiring global changes to the entire circuit board layout, thus enabling miniaturization while maintaining signal integrity in high-density configurations.
3Productivity
If circuit operation speed is increased, then productivity is improved, but crosstalk noise increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by pre-configuring the guard wiring structure with an odd number of elements before signal transmission occurs. This pre-arranged configuration creates a predetermined pattern of crosstalk cancellation paths that are already in place to counteract high-speed signal interference. The guard wirings are positioned and connected in advance to establish multiple coupling paths between signal wirings and the reference potential, creating a ready-made cancellation mechanism that automatically activates when high-speed signals are transmitted, thus enabling high circuit operation speeds without excessive crosstalk noise.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration significantly reduces crosstalk noise by canceling out crosstalk components, achieving a suppression effect that meets desired thresholds even in constrained wiring areas, ensuring reliable operation of miniaturized electronic apparatuses.
Implementation Method 1
crosstalk in which signal waveforms interfere with each other by electromagnetic coupling between adjacent signal wirings on the printed wiring board
Implementation Method 2
The multiple crosstalk component includes a two-stage crosstalk component 212 that propagates from the signal wiring 202 to the guard ground wiring 204 or the guard ground wiring 205, and then propagates from the guard ground wiring 204 or the guard ground wiring 205 to the signal wiring 203
Data Source
AI summary
In a printed wiring board including a first wiring layer and a second wiring layer provided via an insulator layer, at least three guard ground wirings extending along a pair of signal wirings provided in the first wiring layer and supplied with a ground potential are provided between the pair of signal wirings. Thus, crosstalk noise can be reduced without widening a wiring area between the pair of signal wirings.