Guide Wire Capture Instrumentation for Pedicle Screw Placement
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Solution Overview
Problem
The process of inserting cannulated pedicle screws using surgical guide wires in minimally invasive surgeries is time-consuming, leading to prolonged operation times and increased risk of complications.
Innovation Solution
A surgical instrument system that includes a wire positioning assembly for capturing, releasing, advancing, and retracting a surgical guide wire with respect to a cannulated pedicle screw, featuring a locking mechanism and a driver assembly to facilitate precise placement and insertion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a surgical guide wire is inserted into a vertebra using a guide wire introducer, then proper placement of the pedicle screw is ensured, but the operation time is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The guide wire and pedicle screw are combined into a single integrated assembly that is inserted as one unit through the guide wire introducer. This eliminates the separate steps of inserting the guide wire, removing the introducer, and then inserting the screw, thereby reducing operation time while maintaining placement accuracy through the integrated design.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide wire is pre-formed with a curved configuration that matches the desired pedicle screw trajectory before insertion. This preliminary shaping allows the screw to be directly guided into the correct position without requiring additional manipulation or adjustment steps during the surgery, reducing overall operation time.
2Ease of operation
If the guide wire introducer is disconnected after guide wire insertion, then the guide wire can be used to direct the pedicle screw, but the process becomes more complex and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The guide wire is permanently attached to the pedicle screw to form an integrated assembly, eliminating the need to disconnect the guide wire introducer and perform separate insertion steps. This unified approach simplifies the overall process while ensuring the guide wire remains available for directing the screw throughout the procedure.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide wire serves multiple functions: it acts as both the insertion guide and the directional guide for the pedicle screw. By integrating the guide wire with the screw, the system eliminates the need for separate guide wire removal and reinsertion steps, reducing complexity while maintaining ease of operation.
3Manufacturing precision
If a cannulated pedicle screw is inserted over the guide wire, then the screw can be directed to a particular location, but the insertion process becomes more time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The guide wire and pedicle screw are combined into a single insertable unit, allowing both components to be introduced simultaneously through the guide wire introducer. This eliminates the sequential process of inserting the guide wire first, then the screw, thereby increasing insertion speed while maintaining positioning accuracy through the integrated guidance system.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide wire is pre-configured with the pedicle screw in a predetermined orientation and position before insertion. This preliminary assembly ensures that when the integrated unit is inserted, the screw is already positioned correctly without requiring additional manipulation or adjustment steps, thus improving insertion speed while preserving positioning accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
A surgical instrument includes a driver shaft couplable to a cannulated pedicle screw. The driver shaft having a through bore for conveying a surgical guide wire through the cannulated pedicle screw. The surgical instrument also includes a wire positioning assembly having a positional adjustment mechanism for adjusting an axial position of the surgical guide wire with respect to the cannulated pedicle screw and a locking mechanism for locking the axial position of the surgical guide wire. Additionally, the surgical instrument includes a driver actuator coupled to the driver shaft. The driver actuator is operable to rotate the driver shaft to drive rotation of the cannulated pedicle screw.