Guided Active Compression Decompression CPR Device Operator Fatigue
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current CPR methods are inefficient and prone to operator error, leading to inadequate blood circulation and ventilation, with manual techniques being tiring and potentially injurious, and existing mechanical devices being bulky, costly, and limited in availability.
Innovation Solution
The development of systems and methods for guided active compression decompression (ACD) CPR, which include a compression element, a flexible surface element, and an operator interface providing guidance on force and rate of compression, allowing for enhanced blood flow and ventilation, and featuring a larger contact area for improved coronary perfusion pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If manual CPR techniques are used, then the operator can perform chest compression, but the operator becomes tired and the circulation is only marginal
Solution Approach 1:
A mechanical device acts as an intermediary between the operator and the patient's chest. The device includes a compression element that contacts the chest and a handle that the operator manipulates, transferring the operator's input force through a mechanical system to generate effective chest compressions without requiring the operator to directly apply force with their hands.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the purely manual mechanical system of direct hand-on-chest compression with a mechanical device that provides mechanical advantage. The device includes components such as a compression element, connecting stem, and handle that work together to amplify the operator's input force and convert it into effective chest compression force.
2Reliability
If manual CPR techniques are used, then the operator can perform ventilation, but the procedure is tiring and potentially injurious
Solution Approach 1:
The mechanical device serves as an intermediary that protects both the operator and patient. The compression element with its specific contact area distributes force evenly across the chest, reducing the risk of rib fractures and sternum injuries. The device also provides controlled ventilation through the mechanical action of compression and decompression, eliminating the need for direct mouth-to-mouth contact.
3Productivity
If mechanical CPR machines are used, then chest compression and ventilation can be provided, but the devices are bulky, expensive, and limited in availability
Solution Approach 1:
The device is segmented into distinct functional components: a compression element for chest compression, a connecting stem for force transmission, and a handle for operator manipulation. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific function while keeping the overall device compact and simple.
Solution Approach 2:
The compression element is designed with a specific contact area that is optimized for effective chest compression. The contact area is sized and shaped to distribute force appropriately across the chest surface, providing effective compression without requiring complex mechanisms. This localized optimization allows the rest of the device to remain simple.
4Force
If small contact area compression is used, then the compression force can be concentrated, but the coronary perfusion pressure is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The compression element is designed with a specific contact area parameter that is optimized to balance force concentration and pressure distribution. The contact area is sized to provide sufficient coronary perfusion pressure while maintaining effective compression force. This parameter optimization resolves the contradiction between force concentration and pressure generation.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for applying enhanced guided active compression decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation are provided. Exemplary systems include a load cell, a handle, an adhesive pad. The handle and the adhesive pad are configured for magnetic coupling.