Guided Pig Loading Reducer for Non-Flanged Pipelines
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for loading foam pigs into pipelines are hazardous and lack adaptability for different pipeline sizes and configurations, particularly those without flanged ends.
Innovation Solution
A tubular reducer apparatus with a pig-engaging surface and rigid member, guided by a sliding member to permit axial movement while limiting radial movement, and a tensioning mechanism using cables and winches to securely insert the pig into the pipeline.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a motorized vehicle or hydraulically actuated shovel is used to force a foam pig into a pipeline, then the pig can be loaded into the pipeline, but the practice becomes dangerous
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary loading apparatus that acts as a mediator between the operator and the pipeline. This apparatus includes a loading chamber that receives the foam pig, a pushing mechanism with a piston and cable system, and a mounting system with clamps. The intermediary device eliminates the need for dangerous direct forcing methods while maintaining effective pig loading capability through controlled mechanical advancement.
2Productivity
If conventional loading apparatuses with flanged ends are used, then the pig can be loaded into the pipeline, but the apparatus cannot be adapted for pipelines without flanged ends
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a universal mounting system that can adapt to different pipeline configurations. The mounting apparatus includes adjustable clamps (e.g., C-clamps or pipe clamps) that can secure the loading chamber to various pipeline types regardless of whether they have flanged ends. This multi-functional mounting capability allows the same apparatus to serve multiple pipeline configurations, enhancing versatility while maintaining loading effectiveness.
3Productivity
If the foam pig is compressed in the axial direction during loading, then the pig can be forced into the pipeline, but the pig expands in the radial direction increasing frictional forces
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a tapered loading chamber that performs preliminary radial compression of the foam pig before axial insertion. The chamber's tapered geometry gradually compresses the pig radially as it enters, pre-conditioning the pig to maintain radial compression during axial movement. This preliminary action reduces the pig's tendency to expand radially during insertion, thereby minimizing frictional forces and facilitating smoother loading while maintaining productive insertion capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus safely and efficiently loads foam pigs into pipelines of varying sizes without the need for flanged ends, reducing friction and operational risks, and is adaptable for different pipeline diameters and configurations.
Implementation Method 1
a first cable (50) attached to the rigid member (30), and a first winch (70) configured for winding the first cable (50)
Implementation Method 2
considerable frictional forces between the foam pig and the interior of the pipeline may resist loading of the foam pig into the pipeline
Implementation Method 3
a tubular reducer (20) extending axially from a rear end (22) to a front end (24), wherein an inner diameter of the reducer decreases from the rear end (22) to the front end (24)
Implementation Method 4
When the foam pig is compressed in the axial direction, it tends to expand in the radial direction
Implementation Method 5
a guide member (40) slidingly engaged by the rigid member (30) to permit axial movement, while limiting radial movement, of the rigid member in relation to the reducer
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus and related method are provided for loading a pig into a pipeline. The apparatus includes a tubular reducer, a rigid member for attachment to a cable and including a pig-engaging surface, and a guide member slidingly engaged by the rigid member to permit axial movement, while limiting radial movement, of the rigid member in relation to the reducer. In use, when the reducer is aligned concentrically with the pipeline end with the front end of the reducer bearing axially, either directly or indirectly, against the pipeline end, and the pig-engaging surface is disposed axially rearward of the reducer, increased tension in the cable pulls the rigid member axially forward relative to the pipeline, whereupon the attached pig-engaging surface pushes the pig through the reducer and into the pipeline interior.