H-Bridge Control Circuit With Adjustable Dead Gap

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing H-bridge control circuits for thermoelectric devices face challenges in preventing shoot-through current, often requiring complex digital logic or multiple input signals, and fail to effectively regulate temperature without feedback.

Innovation Solution

An H-bridge control circuit with a feedback stage, input stage, comparator stage, and inverter stage that uses a single analog input signal to control the direction of current, preventing shoot-through current and allowing for precise temperature regulation by adjusting the dead gap voltage zone.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If complicated digital logic is used to prevent shoot-through current, then shoot-through current prevention is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshoot-through current preventionVSAvoidcontrol circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the operational parameters of the H-bridge by introducing a dead-time period where all switches are kept open between polarity reversals. This temporal parameter change prevents shoot-through current without requiring complex digital logic, as the prevention is achieved through timing control rather than complex circuitry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The control cycle is segmented into distinct phases: forward polarity operation, dead-time interval, and reverse polarity operation. By dividing the control sequence into discrete temporal segments, the patent ensures that switches on the same side are never simultaneously closed, preventing shoot-through current with simple control logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If multiple input signals are used for shoot-through current prevention, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshoot-through current preventionVSAvoidinput signal requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control circuit accepts a single universal analog input signal that can represent multiple control states (forward polarity, reverse polarity, and dead-time intervals). This multi-functional input signal replaces the need for multiple separate input signals, maintaining reliability while reducing circuit complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If feedback connection is lost, then system robustness is improved, but shoot-through current prevention capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperation without feedbackVSAvoidshoot-through current prevention
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control circuit is designed to generate the dead-time intervals and prevent shoot-through current automatically based on the polarity state, without requiring external feedback. The circuit serves itself by internally managing the switch timing sequences, ensuring shoot-through prevention even when feedback connections are lost or disconnected.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides efficient and precise control of thermoelectric devices, preventing shoot-through current and enabling smooth temperature regulation with reduced complexity and fewer components, achieving accuracy of about 0.2 °C in temperature stabilization.

Implementation Method 1

At the comparator stage, the control signal is compared with each of the reference signals

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage comparison: Ohm's Law

Implementation Method 2

At the inverter stage, the outputs of the comparator stage are inverted

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSignal inversion:

Implementation Method 3

the H-bridge control circuit can be adapted such that a dead gap voltage zone is provided, wherein no current is delivered to the bi-directional load when the control signal is within the dead gap

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectShoot-through current prevention:

Implementation Method 4

The feedback stage is operatively connected with the input stage to provide an analog input signal indicative of the operation of the bi-directional load

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFeedback signaling: Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP2396881B1H-bridge control circuit
Publication Date: 2016.07.27 ECOLAB INC
  • EP2396881B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2396881B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2396881B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5

AI summary

An H-bridge control circuit comprises an input stage, comparator stage, inverter stage. The operation of the H-bridge can be controlled by a single analog input signal provided by a feedback stage. Shoot-through protection is provided for the H-bridge circuit through the inclusion of a dead gap determined by inputs to the comparator stage. The dead gap can be adjusted, allowing for adjustment of the precision operation of the load. The H-bridge can be used to drive a bi-directional load such as, for example, a Peltier conditioner.