H-bridge Booster Circuit for Solar Panel Voltage Boosting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solar charging devices are inefficient as they require high starting currents and only provide 50% power efficiency due to the use of transformers or boost circuits with coupled inductors, which limits their ability to charge energy storage devices when the solar panel voltage is lower than the cell voltage.
Innovation Solution
A booster system utilizing an H-bridge circuit with pulse wave control, capacitors, and a power storage unit, where the H-bridge circuit divides direct current into two conduction paths to charge capacitors, which are then connected in series to transfer energy to the power storage unit, eliminating the need for a high starting current and achieving efficient voltage boosting.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If transformers or boost circuits with coupled inductors are used to boost voltage, then voltage can be increased, but starting current becomes more than 2 times the working current and power efficiency drops to 50%
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the single boost circuit into two separate conduction paths (first and second conduction paths), each with its own switch and capacitor. This segmentation allows the circuit to charge capacitors alternately and then combine their voltages, avoiding the high starting current and energy losses associated with traditional single-path boost circuits while maintaining voltage boosting capability.
2Power
If traditional boost circuits are used, then voltage can be increased, but the starting current requirement is 200% of working current
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit performs preliminary charging of two capacitors through separate conduction paths before combining their voltages to achieve the desired output voltage. This preliminary action through alternating charge accumulation allows the system to reach high voltage without requiring a sudden high starting current impulse, thus reducing starting current to below 200% of working current.
3Adaptability or versatility
If solar panel voltage is lower than cell voltage, then charging cannot occur, but using traditional boost circuits results in poor efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic alternating operation of two conduction paths, where switches S1 and S2 are turned on alternately to charge capacitors C1 and C2 respectively. This periodic action allows continuous energy transfer from the solar panel to the power storage unit even when panel voltage is lower than storage voltage, achieving adaptability while maintaining high efficiency through the cumulative voltage effect of both capacitors.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system efficiently boosts the solar panel voltage to exceed the storage voltage without a starting current, improving energy utilization and reducing power loss, making it suitable for low-light conditions and DC power supplies.
Implementation Method 1
a first capacitor, electrically connected to another end of the first conduction path; a second capacitor, electrically connected to another end of the second conduction path and a negative terminal of the first capacitor
Data Source
AI summary
A booster for energy storage device includes an H-bridge circuit, a waveform generator, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a power storage unit. Through a pulse wave to control the H-bridge circuit, electric energy is stored in the first capacitor and the second capacitor by turns. When the sum of the voltages of the first capacitor and the second capacitor is greater than a storage voltage, the electric energy is stored to the power storage unit. Thus, there is no need for starting current, and the utilization of the solar panel can be improved in a low-loss manner.