Hydrogen Sulfide Donors for Broad Antiviral Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for preventing and treating viral infections, particularly those caused by Group V negative-sense single-strand RNA viruses, are inadequate due to high mutation rates leading to vaccine ineffectiveness and treatment resistance, and lack effective therapeutic measures for pathogens like RSV, hMPV, Ebola, and Rift Valley fever virus.
Innovation Solution
Administration of a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) releasing compound (H2S donor) to subjects at risk of or infected with Group V viruses, either through intravenous injection, inhalation, or oral administration, to modulate viral replication and host defenses, using compounds like GYY4137, ACS67, diallyl trisulfide, or NaHS, which can be slow or fast release, alone or in combination.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If vaccines are administered to prevent viral infections, then immunity is provided, but viruses mutate rendering the vaccine ineffective
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as an intermediary substance that interferes with viral replication processes. H2S donors act as mediators between the host and virus, modulating viral replication and host inflammatory responses without relying on pre-existing immune recognition, thereby remaining effective against mutated viral strains
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the biochemical parameters of the viral replication environment by introducing H2S donors that alter cellular conditions (such as pH, redox state, or enzyme activity) to inhibit viral replication. This parameter modification approach allows the treatment to remain effective regardless of viral genetic variations
2Reliability
If interferon or interleukin-2 therapy is used to inhibit virus replication, then immune function is improved, but treatment cost increases and adverse reactions occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs H2S donors as temporary, disposable therapeutic agents that exert their antiviral effect during the treatment period and are then eliminated from the body. These compounds provide short-term antiviral protection without the cumulative toxicity or long-term side effects associated with interferon or interleukin-2 therapy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful effects of viral replication into a beneficial therapeutic outcome by using H2S donors to modulate the viral-host interaction. The treatment exploits the viral replication process itself by introducing H2S that interferes with viral enzymes or metabolic pathways, turning the viral activity into an opportunity for therapeutic intervention without triggering severe adverse reactions
3Reliability
If H2S donors are administered to reduce viral replication, then antiviral activity is achieved, but treatment mechanism complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs H2S donors as universal antiviral agents that can treat multiple different viruses (including Group V viruses, RSV, influenza, and Ebola) through a single mechanism of action. The H2S donor compounds perform multiple functions: they inhibit viral replication, modulate host inflammatory responses, and protect against various viral families, simplifying the treatment approach compared to virus-specific therapies
Data Source
AI summary
Certain embodiments are directed to methods of treating respiratory infection by administering an H2S donor.