Hadamard Transform Artifact Removal in Mass Spectrometry

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Hadamard transform multiplexing in ion mobility mass spectrometry leads to periodic artifacts due to minor perturbations in data alignment, which degrade the signal-to-noise ratio and cause noise in downstream processing.

Innovation Solution

Employing a pseudorandom sequence for encoding and decoding data, and using deterministic numerical analysis to identify and eliminate periodic data artifacts, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio by removing symmetric peaks and validating peaks based on the pseudorandom sequence.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If Hadamard transform multiplexing is applied to ion mobility mass spectrometry, then the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, but periodic artifacts are introduced due to data misalignment

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesignal-to-noise ratioVSAvoidperiodic artifacts

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful periodic artifacts into a detectable pattern by exploiting their symmetry properties. The artifact removal process identifies symmetric peak pairs in the Hadamard-transformed data and selectively removes them, transforming the previously harmful periodic noise into a recognizable structural feature that can be eliminated systematically, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio while preserving genuine analytical signals

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Ease of operation

If deconvolution is applied assuming precise alignment with the pseudorandom sequence, then data processing is simplified, but artifacts occur due to minor perturbations in alignment

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedata processing simplicityVSAvoiddata accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the processed data is analyzed for symmetric patterns that indicate artifact presence. The system continuously monitors the transformed data for characteristic symmetric peak pairs and applies corrective removal actions, creating a closed-loop process that automatically detects and corrects alignment-induced artifacts without requiring manual intervention or complex realignment procedures

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentUS10290480B2Methods of resolving artifacts in Hadamard-transformed data

Publication Date: 2019.05.14 BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST

AI summary

Apparatus and methods are disclosed for processing data transformed according to an invertible transform (e.g., using a Hadamard transform) multiplexing scheme. In one example of the disclosed technology, a computer-implemented method includes generating transformed data by applying a Hadamard transform to intensity data generated by modulating input of analytes into a mass spectrometer according to a pseudorandom sequence (PRS). The exemplary method further includes identifying at least one pair of symmetric intensity peaks in the transformed data based on the PRS and removing data associated with the pair of symmetric peaks from the transformed data to produce modified data, which can be used to identify, characterize, and/or quantify the composition of the sample. In some examples, the exemplary method further includes validating peaks in the transformed data based on comparing the location of peaks in the untransformed intensity data.