Asymmetrical Half-Bridge Transition Timing Using Derivative Current Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing systems using asymmetrical half bridge converters struggle to accurately determine the transition time due to variations in leakage inductance, leading to inefficiencies and noise sensitivity, especially when handling wide output voltage ranges like those in USB-C charging standards.

Innovation Solution

An adaptive transition controller is implemented, utilizing a derivative circuit, peak detector, integrator, and comparator to extend the derivative signal, filtering inputs with higher-order filters to accurately determine the transition time by comparing the extended derivative signal with magnetizing current, thereby improving noise resilience and accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional fixed transition time measurement is used in asymmetrical half bridge converter, then the control is simple, but the measurement precision deteriorates due to variations in leakage inductance tolerance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransition time measurement precisionVSAvoidcontroller complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic transition time measurement by using derivative circuits to detect the rate of change of current signals. Instead of using a fixed time measurement, the system dynamically determines the transition time based on the actual current derivative characteristics, which adapt to variations in leakage inductance tolerance. This resolves the contradiction by making the measurement system flexible and adaptive rather than static.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical or fixed-timing measurement methods with electronic signal processing circuits. By using derivative circuits, peak detector circuits, and comparator circuits to electronically determine the transition time based on signal characteristics rather than fixed time intervals, the system achieves higher precision while maintaining reasonable complexity through electronic substitution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Productivity

If adaptive transition time control is implemented, then the efficiency is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional circuits

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconverter efficiencyVSAvoidcontroller circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements self-service control where the controller automatically adjusts the transition time based on real-time signal characteristics without external intervention. The derivative circuit continuously monitors the current rate of change, and the peak detector automatically identifies critical points, enabling the system to self-optimize its efficiency while managing complexity through autonomous operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the output signals (current derivatives, peak detections) are fed back to the control logic to continuously adjust the transition timing. This closed-loop feedback enables efficiency optimization by adapting to actual operating conditions, while the feedback structure provides a systematic way to manage the added complexity through organized signal routing and processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Reliability

If traditional transition time measurement is used, then the device complexity is low, but the system becomes sensitive to noise and leakage inductance variations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenoise immunityVSAvoidsignal processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces noisy mechanical or simple timing measurements with electronic derivative-based detection. By measuring the rate of change of current signals rather than relying on fixed time intervals, the system becomes inherently more immune to noise and parameter variations. The electronic substitution provides better signal-to-noise ratio and reliability while managing complexity through specialized signal processing circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies preliminary filtering and derivative calculation to the current signals before making transition time determination. By pre-processing the signals to extract their derivative characteristics and filter out noise components beforehand, the system achieves better noise immunity and reliability. This preliminary action prepares clean, differentiated signals that are more robust against variations and interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The adaptive transition controller enhances the precision and robustness of transition time determination, enabling efficient Zero Current Switching (ZCS) and reducing noise sensitivity, thus optimizing the performance of asymmetrical half bridge converters.

Implementation Method 1

a derivative circuit configured to receive a first signal indicative of a resonant current through an inductor in the resonant converter system and produce a derivative signal indicative of a derivative of the first signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDifferentiation:

Implementation Method 2

a peak detector circuit configured to produce a peak signal indicative of a peak value of the derivative signal over a time period

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPeak detection:

Implementation Method 3

an integrator circuit configured to integrate the peak signal to produce an extension signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIntegration:

Implementation Method 4

a comparator circuit configured to produce an end transition signal when the extension signal exceeds a second signal indicative of the magnetizing current in a magnetizing inductance of a transformer in the resonant converter system

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectComparison:

Implementation Method 5

an extension filter connected to the derivative circuit, wherein the extension filter is configured to filter the first signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFiltering: Filter (electronic)

Implementation Method 6

a signal filter connected to the integration circuit via a first switch, wherein the signal filter is configured to filter the first signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFiltering: Filter (electronic)

Implementation Method 7

a derivative filter connected to the derivative circuit, the derivative filter configured to filter the derivative signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFiltering: Filter (electronic)

Data Source

PatentUS12614977B2Adaptive transition time measurement in an asymmetrical half bridge
Publication Date: 2026.04.28 NXP USA INC
  • US12614977B2 patent drawing
  • US12614977B2 patent drawing
  • US12614977B2 patent drawing

AI summary

An adaptive transition controller for a resonant converter system, including: a derivative circuit configured to receive a first signal indicative of a resonant current through an inductor in the resonant converter system and produce a derivative signal indicative of a derivative of the first signal; a peak detector circuit configured to produce a peak signal indicative of a peak value of the derivative signal over a time period; an integrator circuit configured to integrate the peak signal to produce an extension signal; and a comparator circuit configured to produce an end transition signal when the extension signal exceeds a second signal indicative of the magnetizing current in a magnetizing inductance of a transformer in the resonant converter system.