Half-Duplex Satellite Transceiver Guard Time Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional half-duplex satellite communication systems experience inefficiency due to large guard times required to separate receive and transmit operations, leading to wasted overhead and reduced efficiency due to close frequency bands in frequency division duplex systems.

Innovation Solution

The solution involves adjusting the timing of radio signals from user terminals to synchronize them with the gateway, reducing frequency offset differentials, and using adaptive scheduling to spread traffic loads, thereby minimizing the guard time needed between reception and transmission.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a large amount of guard time is provided to ensure sufficient separation between reception and transmission in half-duplex systems, then interference between receive and transmit signals is avoided, but overhead increases and efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal separationVSAvoidcommunication efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent dynamically adjusts the guard time parameter based on actual propagation delay conditions. By changing the guard time from a fixed large value to an adaptive value matched to actual channel conditions, the system maintains sufficient signal separation while reducing unnecessary overhead and improving communication efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The system transitions from static guard time allocation to dynamic guard time adjustment. The guard time is continuously adapted based on measured propagation delays and channel conditions, allowing the system to optimize the balance between signal separation reliability and communication efficiency in real-time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If frequency division duplex is used with small frequency spacing between receive and transmit bands, then frequency resource utilization improves, but simultaneous reception and transmission cannot be handled by the duplexer without interference

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency resource utilizationVSAvoidsimultaneous reception and transmission
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements time-division multiplexing where the transceiver alternates between reception and transmission in periodic time slots. By switching between receive and transmit modes periodically rather than simultaneously, the system can use close frequency spacing while avoiding duplexer interference through temporal separation of operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces timing control and scheduling mechanisms as intermediaries between the frequency division duplex structure and the duplexer. These control mechanisms coordinate the switching between receive and transmit modes, mediating the conflict between close frequency spacing and duplexer capabilities to enable efficient resource utilization without interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3562062B1Method and apparatus for efficient data transmissions in half-duplex communication systems with large propagation delays
Publication Date: 2022.12.28 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3562062B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3562062B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3562062B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods and apparatus for efficient transmission of data by half-duplex transceivers in satellite communication systems are provided. Time reference for the return link is skewed or time-lagged relative to the time reference for the forward link to reduce the amount of guard time required to separate return link transmission from forward link reception by the half-duplex transceiver of a user terminal. The guard time is determined based on a maximum differential round-trip propagation delay and transition times of the half-duplexer transceiver to switch between transmit and receive modes. In a satellite communication system in which a large number of active user terminals are present in a beam coverage, random time offsets are applied to spread approximately equal traffic loads across the time offsets.