Halide Solid Electrolyte Electrode Composition for Low-Resistance Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Halide solid electrolytes in batteries experience decreased ion conductivity with increased average particle diameter, leading to high resistance and deteriorated input-output characteristics when the particle size is reduced to enhance the active material usage ratio.
Innovation Solution
The electrode material comprises active material and solid electrolyte particles with specific volume and diameter ratios, where the solid electrolyte includes Li, M, and X, with M being metal elements excluding Li and X being F, Cl, Br, or I, ensuring the volume ratio of active material to total particles is between 10% and 65% and the diameter ratio is between 0.5 and 3.4, thereby maintaining ion conductivity and preventing resistance increase.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the average particle diameter of solid electrolyte is increased, then the ion conductivity decreases and resistance increases, but if the particle diameter is reduced to enhance active material usage ratio, the ion conductivity further decreases and input-output characteristics deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the average particle diameter of solid electrolyte within 0.3-2.0 μm and the volume ratio of active material to total particles between 60-80%. These optimized parameters resolve the contradiction by finding the optimal balance point where active material usage ratio is maximized while ion conductivity is maintained at acceptable levels.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs local quality by ensuring uniform dispersion of solid electrolyte particles throughout the electrode structure, creating consistent local environments for ion transport. This uniform distribution prevents localized conductivity issues while maximizing active material utilization across the entire electrode.
2Quantity of substance
If the volume ratio of active material is increased to improve energy density, then the solid electrolyte content decreases, but this leads to increased resistance and deteriorated input-output characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent resolves this contradiction by optimizing the volume ratio parameter of active material to total particles within 60-80%. This parameter optimization ensures sufficient active material content for high energy density while maintaining adequate solid electrolyte content (20-40% volume ratio) to preserve ion conductivity and input-output characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-optimizing the particle size and volume ratio distribution before electrode assembly. This preliminary optimization of solid electrolyte particle dimensions and distribution ensures that the electrode structure is pre-configured for both high energy density and good input-output performance, preventing resistance issues during operation.
Data Source
AI summary
An electrode material includes an active material particle and a solid electrolyte particle. The solid electrolyte particle includes Li, M, and X, wherein M is at least one selected from the group consisting of metal elements excluding Li and metalloid elements, and X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. The ratio R1 of the volume of the active material particle to the sum of the volume of the active material particle and the volume of the solid electrolyte particle is greater than or equal to 10% and less than 65% when expressed as percentage. The ratio R2 of the average particle diameter of the active material particle to the average particle diameter of the solid electrolyte particle is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 3.4.