Halide Mitigation Medium Using Active Oxides and Zeolite
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing materials used to mitigate halide species in industrial process streams are limited by their inability to handle high concentrations, form undesired species like green oil, and lack capacity to retain neutralized species, leading to corrosion, fouling, and poisoning in equipment.
Innovation Solution
A medium comprising active oxides of Group 1 or Group 2 metals, such as tribasic potassium phosphate, combined with non-acidic, high surface area carriers like titanium dioxide, is used to neutralize halide species, converting them into inert salts that are retained on a solid, porous substrate, preventing the formation of green oil and its precursors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If alumina-based molecular sieves are used to treat process streams with halide species, then halide species are removed, but aluminum halide species are formed which provide sites for reactions to form green oil and other undesirable species
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful function of the molecular sieve by removing the alumina component that forms green oil. Instead, it uses a molecular sieve composed of silicalite-1 or ZSM-5 zeolite that selectively adsorbs halide species without forming aluminum halide species that lead to green oil formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the molecular sieve from alumina-based to silicalite-1 or ZSM-5 zeolite. This parameter change fundamentally alters the reaction pathway, preventing the formation of aluminum halide species while maintaining halide adsorption capability.
2Quantity of substance
If guard materials composed of sodium oxide or sodium hydroxide are used to neutralize acidic halide species, then neutralized species are formed, but these can cause fouling in process facilities and media
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the sodium oxide or sodium hydroxide components from the molecular sieve structure that cause fouling. The resulting molecular sieve uses intrinsic basic sites within the silicalite-1 or ZSM-5 zeolite framework to neutralize halide species, eliminating the fouling problem while maintaining neutralization capability.
3Quantity of substance
If commercially available mitigation materials are used, then halide species can be treated, but they are limited in handling concentrations above 15 to 5,000 ppm and lack capacity to retain neutralized species
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the halide adsorption function and the neutralized species retention function into a single molecular sieve structure. The silicalite-1 or ZSM-5 zeolite provides both the adsorption sites for halide species and the retention capacity for neutralized species, eliminating the need for separate retention mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively mitigates halide species in process streams with concentrations up to 3% (30,000 ppm) at ambient conditions, producing an essentially halide-free stream without creating undesired species, and retains neutralized halides on the substrate, preventing fouling and poisoning.
Implementation Method 1
The acidic halide species in the process stream can be reacted with the reactant in the medium to produce a halide species-free process stream and neutralized halide salts
Implementation Method 2
The neutralized halide salts can be attracted and retained, via sorption, on the retainer
Implementation Method 3
The reactant can include one or more active oxides of Group 1 or Group 2 metals and at least one non-acidic, high surface area carrier
Data Source
AI summary
Materials and methods for mitigating the effects of halide species contained in process streams are provided. A halide-containing process stream can be contacted with mitigation materials comprising active metal oxides and a non-acidic high surface area carrier combined with a solid, porous substrate. The halide species in the process stream can be reacted with the mitigation material to produce neutralized halide salts and a process stream that is essentially halide-free. The neutralized salts can be attracted and retained on the solid, porous substrate.