Halide Solid Electrolyte for Sulfide-Free Battery Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solid electrolyte materials for batteries, particularly sulfide-based ones, face challenges such as low ionic conductivity and safety concerns due to the potential generation of hydrogen sulfide when exposed to the atmosphere, limiting their operational stability and efficiency across varying temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A novel solid electrolyte material composed of Li, M1 (Ta or Nb), M2 (Zr, Y, or La), and X (F, Cl, or Br) is developed, which achieves high lithium-ion conductivity and electrochemical stability, is substantially sulfur-free, and maintains performance within a broad temperature range, enhancing battery charge and discharge characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If sulfide solid electrolyte material is used, then ionic conductivity is improved, but safety deteriorates due to hydrogen sulfide generation when exposed to atmosphere
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes sulfur from the solid electrolyte composition entirely, extracting the harmful element while preserving the functional benefits through alternative halide-based chemistry (Li-M1-M2-O-X where X=F, Cl, or Br). This eliminates hydrogen sulfide generation while maintaining ionic conductivity through the halide pathway.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite solid electrolyte material combining multiple elements (Li, M1=Ta/Nb, M2=Zr/Y/La, O, and X=F/Cl/Br) to achieve high ionic conductivity without sulfur. The composite structure leverages synergistic effects of different metal oxides and halides to maintain performance while eliminating harmful sulfur-based compounds.
2Duration of action of moving object
If sulfide solid electrolyte material is used, then battery operation is enabled, but operational stability deteriorates across varying temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters from sulfur-based to halide-based (F, Cl, or Br), which fundamentally alters the thermal and chemical stability characteristics. This parameter change enables stable operation across a broader temperature range (-30°C to 80°C) while maintaining ionic conductivity, as halides exhibit superior thermal stability compared to sulfides.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If sulfur-free solid electrolyte material is used, then safety is improved, but ionic conductivity may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality optimization by selecting specific metal combinations (M1=Ta/Nb and M2=Zr/Y/La) with particular ionic radii and electronic properties that locally enhance lithium ion transport pathways. This targeted selection of elements with optimal local structural characteristics ensures high ionic conductivity (≥1×10⁻³ mS/cm) is achieved in the sulfur-free halide system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The novel solid electrolyte material exhibits high ionic conductivity (1×10−3 mS/cm or more) and electrochemical stability, enabling stable battery operation from -30°C to 80°C, with improved safety by avoiding sulfur and maintaining high lithium-ion conductivity and charge/discharge efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the solid electrolyte material exhibits high ionic conductivity (1×10−3 mS/cm or more)
Implementation Method 2
practical lithium-ion conductivity
Data Source
AI summary
A solid electrolyte material of the present disclosure consists substantially of: Li; M1, M2; O; and X. Here, the M1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ta and Nb, the M2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Y, and La, and the X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, and Br.