On-Demand Haloamine Generation Using Solid Halogen Releasers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for producing haloamine solutions, such as monochloramine, face challenges including variable active concentrations due to aging, high toxicity, equipment hazards, and inefficiencies in water usage, particularly in locations where water is scarce, and require sophisticated hardware and software for safe and effective production.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the on-site preparation of haloamine solutions using solid halogen releasers and ammonia or ammonium ions in dilute aqueous solutions, allowing for the formation of monochloramine at the site of use with controlled concentrations and reduced hazards, avoiding the need for highly concentrated solutions and minimizing water usage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If concentrated parent solutions are used to reduce delivery costs, then manufacturing cost is reduced, but operator safety and equipment safety deteriorate due to high toxicity and exothermic reaction hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The concentrated parent solutions are segmented into smaller, dilute working solutions that are prepared on-demand at the point of use. This segmentation reduces the quantity of hazardous concentrated materials handled and stored, thereby reducing toxicity risks and exothermic reaction hazards while maintaining cost-effectiveness through localized preparation.
Solution Approach 2:
A generator system acts as an intermediary device that safely converts concentrated parent solutions into dilute working solutions on-demand. This intermediary process controls the mixing and reaction conditions, preventing direct handling of highly toxic concentrated materials and eliminating the risk of uncontrolled exothermic reactions.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If sophisticated hardware and software are used to operate generators safely, then operator safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The generator system is designed to be self-regulating with automatic control features that monitor and adjust the mixing process without requiring complex external hardware or software. The system self-corrects potential safety issues through inherent design features such as controlled addition rates and temperature monitoring, reducing complexity while maintaining safety.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If large amounts of water are used to pre-dilute parent solutions to safe levels, then operator safety is improved, but water usage efficiency deteriorates, particularly in water-scarce locations
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary dilution of parent solutions in controlled, small quantities immediately before use rather than pre-diluting large volumes in advance. This on-demand preparation minimizes water consumption by only diluting the necessary amount needed for current application, eliminating waste associated with storing and transporting large volumes of pre-diluted solutions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables the safe, efficient, and economical production of haloamine solutions, such as monochloramine, on demand, reducing the risk of equipment damage and by-product formation, while maintaining biocidal efficacy and stability over time.
Implementation Method 1
dissolving at least one solid halogen releaser in a first aqueous solution to form a dilute first reactant
Implementation Method 2
combining the dilute first reactant and the dilute second reactant to form said haloamine in solution
Data Source
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AI summary
A method to prepare a haloamine, such as a monochloramine in solution, from a solid halogen releaser (s) is described. Also described is a process to form a haloamine in solution using solid reactants. Also, an aqueous haloamine, such as a monochloramine solution, is further described that has a haloamine in solution and a dehalogenated organic compound present. Methods of use are also described.