Halogen-Cyano Disperse Azo Dyes for Hydrophobic Fiber Fastness
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current azo dyes based on aminophthalimides do not meet modern requirements for light fastness and washing fastness, particularly in dyeing or printing of semi-synthetic and synthetic hydrophobic textile materials.
Innovation Solution
Development of azo dyes with specific halogen and cyanosubstituted phthalimides, which exhibit excellent light fastness and washing fastness properties, achieved through a process involving a mixture of alkali metal cyanide and heavy metal cyanide for partial cyano replacement, resulting in dyes with improved fastness properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional azo dyes based on aminophthalimides are used, then the dyeing process is simple and cost-effective, but the light fastness and washing fastness are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the phthalimide dye structure by introducing specific substituents (halogen atoms at positions 3 and 5, and cyano groups at positions 2 and 4) to enhance light fastness and washing fastness properties while maintaining the fundamental aminophthalimide dyeing mechanism
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite substituted phthalimide structures combining multiple functional groups (halogen, cyano, and amino groups) in specific arrangements to achieve synergistic effects that improve both fastness properties and dyeing performance on hydrophobic fibers
2Manufacturing precision
If conventional azo dyes are used for dyeing hydrophobic fibers, then the application process is straightforward, but the fibre-levelness and surface-levelness are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces specific local substitutions (halogen and cyano groups) at particular positions on the phthalimide ring structure to enhance interaction with hydrophobic fiber surfaces, improving levelness properties without requiring complex dyeing processes
3Reliability
If conventional azo dyes are used, then the dye structure is simple, but the resistance to rubbing, heat, chlorine, and perspiration is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies molecular parameters by adding halogen and cyano substituents to the phthalimide structure, which enhance the dye's chemical stability and resistance to various fastness tests (rubbing, heat, chlorine, perspiration) while maintaining reasonable structural complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new azo dyes demonstrate very good light fastness and washing fastness, providing high fibre-levelness and surface-levelness on textile materials, suitable for polyester and other hydrophobic fibers, with excellent build-up properties and resistance to rubbing, heat, chlorine, and perspiration.
Implementation Method 1
a process involving a mixture of alkali metal cyanide and heavy metal cyanide for partial cyano replacement
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to azo dyes of formulawhereinR1 denotes C1-C12 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C1-C12 alkoxy groups, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, cyano groups or halogen atoms and which may be interrupted one or more times by the radical —O—, —S—, —NR4—, —COO— or —OOC—;R4 is hydrogen or C1-C12 alkyl;either R2 is cyano and R3 is halogen or R2 is halogen and R3 is cyano; andAr represents a carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic radical,to the process for the preparation thereof, to mixtures containing said dyes and to the use thereof in dyeing or printing semi-synthetic and especially synthetic hydrophobic fiber materials, more especially textile materials.