Halogen-Free Ionic Liquid Lubricant for Wear and Corrosion Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Ionic liquids containing halogen atoms, such as fluorine, are vulnerable to moisture, leading to corrosion and are economically less viable due to the high cost of halogen atoms, while existing lubricant solutions lack effective wear and corrosion resistance.
Innovation Solution
Development of an ionic liquid comprising a divalent cation, specifically bis(ammonium) or bis(phosphonium), and a monovalent anion, such as sulfonate or phosphate, which provides enhanced corrosion and wear resistance by forming a protective film on metal surfaces and maintaining a liquid state at room temperature without halogen atoms.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If halogen atoms such as fluorine are included in the ionic liquid to maintain liquid state at room temperature, then the ionic liquid exhibits low viscosity and good流动性, but it becomes vulnerable to moisture, generates corrosive substances, and increases cost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes halogen atoms (particularly fluorine) from the ionic liquid structure to eliminate the source of moisture vulnerability and corrosion. Instead of using halogen-containing anions like BF4- or PF6-, the invention employs halogen-free anions such as sulfonate (e.g., tosylate, mesylate) and carboxylate, which do not react with moisture to form corrosive HF or other harmful substances.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the ionic liquid by selecting specific cation-anion combinations with appropriate molecular weights and structures. By using divalent cations (such as calcium, magnesium) combined with organic anions containing oxygen atoms, the invention achieves room temperature liquid state without requiring halogen atoms, thus maintaining fluidity while eliminating corrosion resistance issues.
2Ease of operation
If halogen atoms such as fluorine are included in the ionic liquid, then the ionic liquid maintains liquid state at room temperature, but the cost increases due to the high price of fluorine atoms
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive fluorine-containing compounds with cheaper halogen-free alternatives such as sulfonates and carboxylates. These alternative anions can be synthesized from abundant raw materials through straightforward chemical reactions, significantly reducing the cost of ionic liquid production while maintaining the desired liquid state at room temperature.
3Device complexity
If conventional ionic liquids with monovalent cations are used, then the ionic liquid structure is simpler, but the wear resistance and corrosion resistance are insufficient under high shear stress and temperature
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite ionic liquid system by combining divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+) with organic anions (sulfonate, carboxylate). This composite structure leverages the high charge density of divalent cations to form stronger interaction films on metal surfaces, providing enhanced wear and corrosion resistance. The divalent cation forms more stable and thicker protective films compared to monovalent cations, especially under high shear stress and temperature conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the ionic liquid's charge density parameter by using divalent instead of monovalent cations. This parameter change fundamentally alters the interaction mechanism with metal surfaces, enabling the formation of more robust protective films that provide superior wear and corrosion resistance while maintaining reasonable structural complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The ionic liquid exhibits superior wear resistance and corrosion resistance, maintaining a stable lubricating film even under high shear stress and temperature, making it suitable for high-temperature applications and reducing viscosity loss, thus outperforming conventional ionic liquids with monovalent cations.
Implementation Method 1
Since the ionic liquid is configured such that molecules are bound to each other through strong ionic bonding
Implementation Method 2
Since the ionic liquid is configured such that molecules are bound to each other through strong ionic bonding, it is difficult to volatilize
Implementation Method 3
This serves to reduce the electrostatic attraction between the cation and the anion through an electron delocalization effect
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are an ionic liquid, having wear resistance maintained at low temperatures and containing a divalent cation including at least one of bis(ammonium) and bis(phosphonium) and a monovalent anion including at least one of sulfonate and phosphate, and a lubricant composition including the ionic liquid.