Halogen-Reduced MXene Particles for Binder-Free Conductive Films
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing MXene materials contain high levels of chlorine and bromine, making them unsuitable for halogen-free applications, and they require binders to form conductive films, which limits their conductivity.
Innovation Solution
A conductive two-dimensional particle made from a layered material represented by MmXn, where M is a metal from Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, X is a carbon or nitrogen atom, and m is greater than n but less than 5, with a modifier or terminal T on the surface, and produced using an etching solution with high concentrations of H3PO4, HI, or H2SO4 to reduce chlorine and bromine content and achieve high conductivity without binders.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional MXene materials are used, then conductivity can be achieved, but chlorine and bromine content exceeds 1,500 ppm making halogen-free applications impossible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of MXene by controlling the etching process to reduce chlorine and bromine content to 1,500 ppm or less, enabling halogen-free applications while maintaining conductivity through optimized surface termination with hydroxyl, fluorine, oxygen, or hydrogen groups
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different surface terminations (hydroxyl, fluorine, oxygen, hydrogen) to different regions or aspects of the MXene surface, creating local variations in chemical properties that reduce halogen content while preserving overall conductivity for specific applications
2Stability of the object's composition
If binders are used to form films from MXene, then film formation is achieved, but conductivity is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes binders from the MXene film system, achieving binder-free film formation through direct deposition or self-assembly of MXene sheets, thereby eliminating the insulating barrier that binders create and restoring high conductivity
Solution Approach 2:
The MXene material itself provides the film-forming capability through self-assembly or direct deposition processes, eliminating the need for external binders and maintaining intrinsic high conductivity while achieving stable film structure
3Stability of the object's composition
If alkyl phosphonic acid is adsorbed on MXene surface, then dispersion stability in organic solvent is improved, but conductivity decreases due to low conductivity of alkyl groups
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the surface termination parameters from alkyl phosphonic acid groups to hydroxyl, fluorine, oxygen, or hydrogen groups, which maintain dispersion stability in organic solvents while preserving electrical conductivity due to their higher conductivity compared to alkyl groups
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting conductive two-dimensional particles have a total chlorine and bromine content of 1,500 ppm or less, enabling halogen-free applications, and can form highly conductive films with average major diameters of 1.0 μm or more, achieving high conductivity without the need for binders.
Implementation Method 1
etching the A atoms from the precursor using an etching solution
Data Source
AI summary
A conductive two-dimensional particle of a layered material comprising one layer or one layer and plural layers, wherein the layer includes a layer body represented by: MmXn, and a modifier or terminal T exists on a surface of the layer body, wherein T is at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an oxygen atom, or a hydrogen atom, M of the layer is bonded to at least one selected from the group consisting of PO43−, I, or SO42−, the total content of chlorine and bromine is 1,500 ppm by mass or less, and an average value of major diameters of two-dimensional surfaces of the conductive two-dimensional particles is 1.0 μm or more.