Halogenated Polyphosphoester for Flame-Resistant Polyurea Elastomers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polyurea materials face challenges with poor flame resistance and mechanical properties due to the use of large amounts of inorganic flame retardants, which compromise their mechanical properties, and organic flame retardants often lead to reduced flame retardance and environmental pollution.
Innovation Solution
A halogenated hydroxyl terminated polyphosphoester and prepolymer are developed, incorporating a halogenated phenyl phosphate group structure and specific linking groups, which are used to create a halogenated polyphosphonic polyurea elastomer through dehydration and prepolymerization reactions, eliminating the need for additional flame retardants while enhancing mechanical and flame resistance properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If inorganic flame retardants (e.g., antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide) are added to improve flame resistance, then flame retardance is improved, but mechanical properties are obviously reduced due to poor dispersibility and large dosage requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters by introducing a halogenated phenyl phosphate group structure with specific molecular weight and hydroxyl value ranges, transforming the flame retardant from an additive to a reactive polymer component that integrates into the polyurea matrix, thereby improving both flame resistance and mechanical properties
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite molecular structure by combining halogenated phenyl phosphate groups with polyol chains, forming a halogenated hydroxyl terminated polyphosphoester that serves as both structural component and flame retardant, achieving synergistic effects of mechanical strength and flame resistance
2Stability of the object's composition
If organic flame retardants (e.g., pentabromodiphenyl ether, triphenyl phosphate) are used to improve dispersibility, then dispersibility is improved, but flame retardance is reduced and environmental pollution increases due to exudation and loss
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the flame retardant function with the polyol structural component by incorporating halogenated phenyl phosphate groups directly into the polymer chain, eliminating the need for separate additive flame retardants and preventing exudation while maintaining excellent dispersibility throughout the polyurea matrix
Solution Approach 2:
The halogenated hydroxyl terminated polyphosphoester serves dual functions as both a structural building block for the polyurea elastomer and an intrinsic flame retardant, enabling the material to self-regulate flame resistance without requiring additional additive flame retardants that could exude or migrate
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting polyurea elastomer achieves a high tensile strength of at least 18 MPa, elongation at break of at least 200%, and an oxygen index of 23% or higher, maintaining desirable mechanical properties and improved flame resistance without the need for additional flame retardants.
Implementation Method 1
contacting the aforementioned halogenated hydroxyl terminated polyphosphoester with polyether polyol to carry out a dehydration reaction to obtain an intermediate product
Implementation Method 2
contacting the intermediate product with isocyanate to perform a prepolymerization reaction to obtain a prepolymer
Implementation Method 3
The PUA is a polymer produced by reacting an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer (component A) with an amino compound component (R component)
Data Source
AI summary
Described are a halogenated hydroxyl terminated polyphosphoester and a prepolymer and a preparation method therefor, as well as a polyurea elastomer composition and a polyurea elastomer and an application. A structural unit of the halogenated hydroxyl terminated polyphosphoester contains a halogenated phenyl phosphate group structure and one or more linking groups; the halogenated phenyl phosphate group has a structure represented by formula (1), and the linking group has a structure represented by formula (2); n is 1-10; R1 is one or more of a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, —C(O)—R2—C(O)—, and substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene; R2 is selected from one or more of substituted or unsubstituted C1-C9 linear or branched alkylene, a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring, and substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene; and X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 are the same or different, are each H and/or halogen, and are not H at the same time;