Halogenated Receptor Material for OPV Voltage and Fill Factor
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) face limitations in large-area applications due to low filling factor (FF) and open-circuit voltage, which hinder the improvement of photoelectric conversion efficiency, primarily due to suboptimal selection and matching of donors and receptors in the active layer.
Innovation Solution
Development of a receptor material (DTP-4X) with specific structural and energetic properties, including a halogen atom (chlorine or fluorine) and alkyl groups, which enhances absorption in the ultraviolet-visible region and improves energy level matching with donors, leading to better film morphology and increased FF and open-circuit voltage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If conventional donors and receptors are used in the active layer, then the device structure is simple, but the filling factor and open-circuit voltage are low, limiting photoelectric conversion efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the energy level parameters of the receptor material by introducing electron-withdrawing groups (cyano, halogen atoms) and adjusting the LUMO energy level to -3.8 to -4.2 eV. This parameter optimization improves the energy level matching with donors, increases open-circuit voltage, and enhances photoelectric conversion efficiency while maintaining device structure simplicity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent develops composite receptor materials combining electron-withdrawing groups (cyano, fluorine, chlorine) with indene core structures. These composite molecular structures achieve optimal energy level matching and improved charge transport properties, resolving the contradiction between simple device structure and high photoelectric conversion efficiency
2Ease of manufacture
If the active layer uses traditional receptor materials, then the synthesis process is simple, but the absorption range in ultraviolet-visible region is insufficient, limiting energy conversion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes molecular structure parameters by introducing electron-withdrawing groups and adjusting conjugation length, which extends the absorption spectrum into the visible region (400-800 nm) while keeping the synthesis process relatively simple using conventional organic synthesis methods
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces specific functional groups (cyano, fluorine, chlorine) at strategic positions on the indene core structure to enhance light absorption in specific wavelength regions without complicating the overall synthesis pathway, achieving localized optimization of optical properties
3Area of stationary object
If large-area OPVs are fabricated, then the production area increases, but the filling factor decreases, limiting commercialization potential
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the LUMO energy level parameter of the receptor to -3.8 to -4.2 eV and adjusts the molecular structure to improve charge transport properties. This parameter optimization maintains high filling factor (70-80%) even in large-area devices by enhancing charge extraction efficiency at electrode interfaces
Solution Approach 2:
The patent develops receptor materials with simplified molecular structures and straightforward synthesis routes that enable cost-effective large-area fabrication. The use of commercially available starting materials and conventional synthesis methods makes large-area production economically viable while maintaining high filling factor
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The receptor material significantly improves the energy conversion efficiency of large-area OPVs by increasing open-circuit voltage and FF, making it suitable for commercialization with reduced production costs through a simple and environmentally friendly synthesis method.
Implementation Method 1
Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) can convert solar energy into electrical energy
Implementation Method 2
the receptor material includes a structure formula... has stronger absorption in the ultraviolet-visible region (600-900 nm)
Data Source
AI summary
A receptor material, a synthesis method and use thereof is disclosed. The synthesis method of the receptor material includes: S1, reacting the compound shown in a formula I with LiAlH4 to obtain a compound shown in a formula II; S2, reacting the compound shown in the formula II with 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione to obtain a compound shown in a formula III; S3, reacting the compound shown in the formula III with phosphorus oxychloride and N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a compound shown in a formula IV; and S4, reacting the compound shown in the formula IV with (5,6-dihalo-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile. The receptor material provided by the present disclosure can effectively improve the open-circuit voltage and photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaics cells including the receptor material. The present disclosure further provides an organic photovoltaic cell including the above receptor material and a method for preparing the organic photovoltaic cell.