Halogenated Sulfide Solid Electrolytes for Stable Li-Metal Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional solid-state lithium ion batteries with sulfide-based electrolytes suffer from poor conductivity and chemical instability, limiting their suitability for large-scale adoption in lithium metal anode batteries due to issues like outgassing and flammability at high voltages.
Innovation Solution
Development of new solid-state lithium ion conducting electrolytes and catholytes with specific chemical compositions, including lithium, phosphorus, sulfur, and halogen atoms, which are characterized by crystalline and amorphous bonds, and are optimized through annealing methods to enhance conductivity and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional liquid-based electrolytes are used, then ionic conductivity is achieved, but flammability and outgassing occur at high voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state parameter from liquid to solid, and modifies the chemical composition by incorporating halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I) into the sulfide-based electrolyte structure. This transforms the electrolyte from flammable liquid organic solvents to non-flammable solid-state materials with improved thermal and chemical stability, eliminating outgassing issues while maintaining ionic conductivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite solid-state electrolyte materials combining sulfide-based compounds with halogen-containing compounds. This composite approach integrates the high ionic conductivity of sulfide-based electrolytes with the thermal stability and non-flammability of halogen-containing compounds, achieving both conductivity and safety requirements
2Object-affected harmful factors
If solid-state sulfide-based electrolytes are used, then flammability is reduced, but conductivity and chemical stability remain poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters by introducing halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I) into the sulfide-based electrolyte structure. This compositional change enhances the chemical stability and ionic conductivity of the solid-state electrolyte while maintaining its non-flammable property, resolving the trade-off between safety and performance
3Quantity of substance
If lithium metal anodes are used, then energy density is maximized, but chemical instability with conventional electrolytes occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs solid-state sulfide-based electrolytes containing halogen atoms as intermediary materials between the lithium metal anode and cathode. This intermediary electrolyte layer provides a chemically stable interface that prevents direct harmful reactions between lithium metal and conventional electrolytes, enabling the use of high-energy-density lithium metal anodes with improved safety and stability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed electrolytes and catholytes demonstrate improved chemical stability and conductivity, enabling their use in lithium ion batteries, particularly with lithium metal anodes, and show enhanced performance in electrochemical devices.
Implementation Method 1
annealing methods of making these electrolytes and catholytes
Implementation Method 2
annealing methods to enhance conductivity and stability
Implementation Method 3
providing a conduit for Li+ ions to conduct between the electrodes
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure sets forth battery components for secondary and/or traction batteries. Described herein are new solid-state lithium (Li) conducting electrolytes including monolithic, single layer, and bi-layer solid-state sulfide-based lithium ion (Li+) conducting catholytes or electrolytes. These solid-state ion conductors have particular chemical compositions which are arranged and/or bonded through both crystalline and amorphous bonds. Also provided herein are methods of making these solid-state sulfide-based lithium ion conductors including new annealing methods. These ion conductors are useful, for example, as membrane separators in rechargeable batteries.