HALS-Based Antimicrobial Coating With Rechargeable Halamine Activation
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for a facile and cost-effective method to provide antimicrobial surfaces that are resistant to weathering and can be recharged as needed, while maintaining photo- and thermal stability.
Innovation Solution
A curable composition comprising a (meth)acrylate-functionalized compound and a hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) is applied to a substrate, cured, and then treated with a halogenating agent to convert the HALS to a halamine, forming an antimicrobial coating.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If HALS is used as a photostabilizer in a curable composition, then photo- and thermal stability is improved, but antimicrobial activity is not provided unless halogenated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by incorporating HALS into the curable composition before curing, allowing the HALS to provide photo- and thermal stability during the curing process and in the final coating. The halogenation step is performed after curing, so the antimicrobial activity is activated only when needed, while the stability functions are already in place.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by transforming the HALS into a halamine through halogenation. This chemical transformation changes the molecular structure and properties of the HALS, enabling it to exhibit antimicrobial activity while maintaining its photostabilizing function. The parameter change occurs through controlled reaction with a halogenating agent.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If HALS is halogenated to provide antimicrobial activity, then antimicrobial properties are improved, but the process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by incorporating the HALS into the curable composition during the coating formulation stage, before the halogenation step. This allows the HALS to be positioned correctly in the coating matrix and undergo curing first, then be halogenated in a separate, controlled step. The preliminary positioning simplifies the overall process by pre-establishing the coating structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses an intermediary approach by introducing a halogenating agent as a separate processing step. This intermediary substance (halogenating agent) is applied after curing to transform the HALS into a halamine. The intermediary step is controlled and can be performed under specific conditions, making the complex halogenation process manageable and integrated into the overall coating application workflow.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the coating is designed to be rechargeable through halogenation, then adaptability is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by creating a coating system that can be dynamically reactivated. The HALS in the cured coating can be halogenated on-demand using a halogenating agent, allowing the antimicrobial activity to be rechargeable. This dynamic reactivation capability allows the coating to be restored or enhanced without requiring complete reapplication, improving adaptability while managing manufacturing complexity through a simple post-curing treatment step.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method creates a durable antimicrobial coating that can be recharged by halogenation, providing effective protection against bacteria and maintaining resistance to weathering.
Implementation Method 1
treating the cured composition with a halogenating agent to halogenate the HALS present in the cured composition
Implementation Method 2
curing the curable composition to provide a cured composition
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method for protecting a surface of a substrate by providing a curable composition comprising a (meth)acrylate-functionalized compound and a HALS, applying the composition on a surface of a substrate, curing the composition and converting the HALS to a halamine by treatment with a halogenating agent. The invention also relates to a curable composition comprising a HALS, to a cured composition comprising a halamine and to the use of a HALS to obtain an antimicrobial coating on a surface of a substrate.