Battery-Powered Handheld Air Plasma Spray for Emergency Blood Coagulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing plasma devices for blood coagulation and sterilization require AC power sources, making them unsuitable for emergency situations where a portable, battery-powered solution is needed.
Innovation Solution
A battery-powered handheld air plasma spray device using a dc high-intensity-discharge ballast and series LC matching circuit to generate a low-temperature non-thermal plasma jet with abundant reactive atomic oxygen, capable of clotting blood and sterilizing surfaces without thermal effects.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If AC power source is used for plasma devices, then plasma generation capability is achieved, but portability and ease of operation in emergency situations deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the AC power system with a DC battery-powered system. Specifically, it uses a DC high-intensity-discharge ballast circuit powered by portable batteries (12V car battery or 14-18V power tool battery) to generate plasma, eliminating the need for AC mains power and enabling portable operation in emergency situations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the power supply parameters from AC voltage to DC voltage. The DC ballast circuit is designed to operate with DC input from batteries and generate the required high voltage for plasma discharge. The circuit includes components like capacitors, inductors, and transistors configured for DC operation, transforming the power delivery characteristics to enable portable plasma generation.
2Reliability
If thermal effects are used for blood coagulation, then coagulation effectiveness is improved, but safety and suitability for sensitive applications deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes non-thermal plasma phase transition effects. Instead of heating tissue to cause coagulation, the device generates reactive atomic oxygen and other reactive species in the plasma state that chemically interact with blood components to achieve coagulation. This chemical reaction pathway replaces the thermal pathway, enabling effective coagulation without thermal damage to surrounding tissues.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs reactive atomic oxygen and other highly reactive plasma species as strong oxidants to achieve blood coagulation. These reactive species oxidize and activate erythrocyte-platelet interactions, promoting coagulation through chemical oxidation rather than thermal heating. This approach provides effective coagulation while avoiding the harmful thermal effects that would damage sensitive tissues.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively clots blood and sterilizes surfaces using reactive atomic oxygen, providing a safe, portable, and efficient solution for emergency bleeding control and sterilization without the need for thermal effects, suitable for first aid and industrial applications.
Implementation Method 1
the insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) conducts to set off the capacitor in the ignition circuit of the HID ballast that generates voltage spikes of 2.5 kV-3 kV for activating the discharge in the plasma spray generator
Implementation Method 2
activating the discharge in the plasma spray generator
Implementation Method 3
produce low temperature non-equilibrium air plasma
Implementation Method 4
generates voltage spikes of 2.5 kV-3 kV for activating the discharge in the plasma spray generator
Implementation Method 5
a series LC matching circuit is needed to compensate for the dynamic variation of the discharge voltage and current
Implementation Method 6
a series LC matching circuit is needed to compensate for the dynamic variation of the discharge voltage and current
Data Source
AI summary
A battery powered handheld air plasma spray was designed, developed and successfully demonstrated. The power supply includes a battery, a dc HID ballast and a series LC matching circuit. This matching circuit is designed to maintain the performance of the HID ballast while driving arc discharges, which are rotated around the electrodes by the magnetic field of a ring magnet. The produced plasma is in a non-equilibrium state; thus, the plasma effluent is low temperature (touchable) and yet carries abundant reactive atomic oxygen, which can rapidly activate blood coagulation processes and can effectively kill numerous microbes. This invention is for blood coagulation and sterilization applications. The device may be installed in vehicles and carried and operated in open fields without AC power sources. It may be used for bleeding control in a serious mishap to treat wounds without having to move the injured.