Aircraft Hard-Landing Detection via Shock Strut Stroke Profile

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for detecting hard landings in aircraft are subjective and unreliable, leading to potential structural damage going unnoticed or resulting in unnecessary inspections and resource expenditure.

Innovation Solution

A hard-landing detection system integrated with shock struts in aircraft landing gear, utilizing sensors and a controller to measure and analyze parameters such as stroke profile, gas pressure, oil pressure, and vertical load to objectively determine if a landing event is hard, triggering inspections only when necessary.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If pilot subjective declaration is used to detect hard landings, then detection simplicity is maintained, but detection reliability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection simplicityVSAvoiddetection reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/subjective detection method (pilot declaration) with an automated sensor-based system. Sensors mounted on the aircraft structure detect acceleration forces during landing, and a processor objectively determines whether the landing force exceeds predetermined thresholds, eliminating subjective judgment while maintaining operational simplicity through automatic detection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If automated sensor-based detection is implemented, then detection reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection reliabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The detection system is segmented into distinct functional modules: sensors mounted on specific aircraft structures to detect acceleration, a processor that analyzes sensor data against predetermined thresholds, and a notification system. This modular segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function reliably while keeping the overall system manageable and maintainable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Loss of substance

If subjective hard-landing detection is used, then inspection resources are conserved, but structural damage may go unnoticed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinspection resource expenditureVSAvoiddamage detection reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system provides immediate feedback by automatically comparing detected landing forces against predetermined thresholds and generating notifications when hard landings are detected. This feedback mechanism ensures that potential structural damage is reliably identified and reported, enabling timely inspections while avoiding unnecessary inspections for normal landings, thus optimizing resource allocation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system provides a reliable and objective means to detect hard landings, reducing unnecessary inspections and ensuring timely identification of structural damage, thereby enhancing aircraft safety and operational efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

The gas acts as an energy storage device, such as a spring, so that upon termination of a compressing force the shock strut returns to its original length

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas compression: Compression

Implementation Method 2

Shock struts also dissipate energy by passing the oil through the orifice so that as the shock absorber is compressed or extended, its rate of motion is limited by the damping action from the interaction of the orifice and the oil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectViscous damping: Viscous Damping

Data Source

PatentEP3360796B1Hard-landing detection system
Publication Date: 2020.11.25 GOODRICH CORP
  • EP3360796B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3360796B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3360796B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A hard-landing detection system includes a wheel assembly (106), a shock strut (104) mechanically coupled to the wheel assembly and to landing gear structure of the landing gear assembly, a controller (230) having a processor, and a tangible, non-transitory memory configured to communicate with the processor. The tangible, non-transitory memory has instructions stored thereon that, in response to execution by the processor, cause the hard-landing detection system to perform operations that include detecting, by the processor, a landing event and determining, by the processor, whether the landing event is hard. The hard-landing system may further include a stroke position sensor (116) and detecting the landing event may include using the stroke position sensor to measure a stroke profile of the shock strut. Further, determining whether the landing event is hard may include comparing, by the processor, the stroke profile of the shock strut to a predetermined maximum shock strut stroke.