Harmonic Echo Power Estimator for Loudspeaker Nonlinearities

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing echo cancellation systems in communication equipment struggle to effectively remove nonlinear echoes from harmonic loudspeaker nonlinearities due to their reliance on linear models, which lead to reduced transparency and increased computational complexity when trying to estimate and suppress these nonlinearities.

Innovation Solution

A method and system for estimating and suppressing echo power from harmonic loudspeaker nonlinearities using a frequency selective filter based on the ratio between near-end and echo signal power estimates, involving a harmonic echo power estimator that maps loudspeaker output signal frequency bands to input signal bands, determines power estimates, and transforms these estimates across the echo path to accurately calculate nonlinear echo power.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a linear model is used for echo subtraction, then computational simplicity is achieved, but nonlinear echoes from harmonic loudspeaker nonlinearities cannot be removed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomputational simplicityVSAvoidecho removal effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention segments the echo cancellation task into two parts: linear echo removal using the existing linear model, and nonlinear echo removal using a separate nonlinear model. The nonlinear model specifically targets harmonic distortions by modeling the loudspeaker's nonlinear behavior separately from the acoustic echo path, allowing both linear and nonlinear echoes to be removed effectively without increasing overall system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention introduces a nonlinear model as an intermediary component that specifically handles harmonic nonlinearities. This nonlinear model acts as a mediator between the linear echo subtractor and the residual echo suppressor, providing accurate nonlinear echo estimates that enable the residual suppressor to work more effectively with reduced suppression levels

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If a Volterra model is used to model harmonic loudspeaker nonlinearities, then nonlinear echo estimation is achieved, but computational complexity increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenonlinear echo estimation accuracyVSAvoidcomputational complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts only the essential nonlinear characteristics needed for echo cancellation - specifically the harmonic distortion components - rather than using a complete Volterra model. By taking out only the relevant nonlinear terms and modeling them in a simplified manner, the system achieves adequate nonlinear echo estimation without the excessive computational burden of a full Volterra implementation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the modeling parameters from a comprehensive Volterra model with many coefficients to a simplified nonlinear model with fewer parameters. By parameterizing the nonlinear model in terms of loudspeaker input signal characteristics and harmonic relationships rather than full impulse response coefficients, the computational complexity is reduced while maintaining estimation accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If the residual echo suppressor performs extra suppression to compensate for uncertainty in nonlinear echo power estimate, then echo attenuation requirements are met, but transparency of near-end signal is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveecho attenuation complianceVSAvoidnear-end signal transparency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The invention implements feedback by using the nonlinear model to continuously estimate nonlinear echo power and feeding this information back to the residual echo suppressor. This feedback mechanism allows the suppressor to adapt its suppression level dynamically, applying only the necessary amount of suppression to meet echo attenuation requirements while preserving near-end signal transparency through accurate real-time nonlinear echo power estimation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP2671223B1Estimation and suppression of harmonic loudspeaker nonlinearities
Publication Date: 2015.10.21 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP2671223B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2671223B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~3
  • EP2671223B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

Described is a harmonic echo power estimator configured to estimate power of echo generated by harmonic loudspeaker nonlinearities in a user equipment having an echo path between a loudspeaker input and a microphone output. This estimator includes a frequency band mapper (40) configured to map each frequency band in a set of loudspeaker output signal frequency bands (b isp ) into a corresponding array of loudspeaker input signal frequency bands (b(b isp ,k)), where each frequency band in the set is mapped into several frequency bands in the corresponding array. A power estimator (42) is configured to determine a power estimate (P x (b(b isp ,k))) of each input signal in each array of frequency bands. A power estimate combiner (44) is configured to combine determined power estimates (P x (b(b isp ,k))) in each array of frequency bands into a corresponding estimate (P x, nl (b isp )) of loudspeaker input power generating harmonic loudspeaker nonlinearities. A power estimate transformer (46) is configured to transform the estimates of loudspeaker input power across the echo path (EP) into power estimates (P s, nl (b)) of the echo generated by the harmonic loudspeaker nonlinearities.