Harvester Crop Sensing With Correlated Optical and Capacitive Data

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing agricultural harvesting machines face challenges in accurately determining crop parameters, particularly distinguishing between grain and non-grain components and assessing physical properties like grain emptiness, due to limitations of optical sensors.

Innovation Solution

Combining a passive optical sensor with a non-passive, non-optical sensor, such as a capacitive electrode, to analyze the same section of the crop flow, correlating image data and measured values to determine crop parameters with enhanced accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If optical sensors are used to analyze crop composition, then cost-effectiveness and flexibility are improved, but measurement precision deteriorates when detecting physical properties like grain emptiness

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecost-effectivenessVSAvoiddetection of physical properties
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines optical sensors (camera) with non-optical sensors (capacitive, electromagnetic) to create a hybrid measurement system. The optical sensor provides cost-effective spatial imaging while non-optical sensors add precise physical property detection, resolving the contradiction between cost-effectiveness and measurement precision for physical properties like grain emptiness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The measurement system uses a composite sensing approach, integrating multiple sensor types (optical and non-optical) that function together like composite materials. Each sensor type contributes its strengths: optical sensors for visual identification and non-optical sensors for physical property measurement, achieving both cost-effectiveness and high measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Device complexity

If a single sensor type is used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates for comprehensive crop parameter determination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor system structureVSAvoidcrop parameter determination
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges optical and non-optical sensor systems into a unified measurement platform. The optical sensor captures spatial information about crop composition, while non-optical sensors provide complementary physical property data. The evaluation unit integrates both data streams, achieving comprehensive crop parameter determination without excessive complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The hybrid sensor system is designed with multi-functionality, where the same measurement platform performs both optical imaging and non-optical physical property detection. This universal approach allows a single system to determine multiple crop parameters (composition, moisture, grain emptiness) simultaneously, improving measurement precision without proportionally increasing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Ease of operation

If optical sensors alone are used, then ease of operation is maintained, but reliability deteriorates in distinguishing grain from non-grain components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperation simplicityVSAvoidgrain differentiation accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines optical sensors with non-optical sensors to improve grain differentiation reliability. The optical sensor identifies visual characteristics of crop components, while non-optical sensors (capacitive, electromagnetic) detect physical properties that reliably distinguish grain from non-grain materials. This merged approach maintains ease of operation while significantly improving reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The evaluation unit processes data from both optical and non-optical sensors, using feedback mechanisms to correlate and validate measurements. The system cross-references visual information with physical property data, providing feedback that enhances the reliability of grain versus non-grain component differentiation while maintaining straightforward operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This combination allows for precise differentiation between grains and husks, and identification of grain emptiness, providing comprehensive and spatially resolved crop parameter determination.

Implementation Method 1

a first, passive optical sensor (10) for recording light from a wavelength range in a first field of view (11)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 2

the second sensor (13) comprises at least one electromagnetic sensor element (15) that measures at least one electrical or magnetic property of the harvested crop (4)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance measurement: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentEP3932174B2Agricultural harvesting machine
Publication Date: 2026.01.21 CLAAS SELBSTFAHRENDE ERNTEMASCHINEN GMBH
  • EP3932174B2 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3932174B2 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3932174B2 patent drawingFigure 3a~3b

AI summary

The invention relates to an agricultural harvesting machine with at least one working unit (2) for harvesting a field crop (3) and for processing the harvested crop (4) of the field crop (3), with a control arrangement (8) which has a measuring system (9) for analyzing the harvested crop (4), wherein the measuring system (9) has a first, passive optical sensor (10), wherein the measuring system (9) in a measuring routine records image data of the first optical sensor (10) which depicts the harvested crop (4) in a first section (A1) of the harvested crop stream, wherein the harvesting machine has an evaluation device (12) for determining a harvested crop parameter.It is proposed that the measuring system (9) has a second, non-passive optical sensor (13) for recording sensor data in a measuring field (14), that the measuring system (9) records measured values ​​from the second sensor (13) in the measuring routine, which depict crop (4) in a second section (A2) of the crop stream, that the first and second sections (A1, A2) overlap at least partially in an overlap section (U), and that the evaluation device (12) correlates the image data of the first sensor (10) for the overlap section (U) and the measured values ​​of the second sensor (13) for the overlap section (U) in an analysis routine, thus determining the crop parameter.