Modular HAV Power Control Unit With Backup Power Architecture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power and actuation control devices for highly automated vehicles are not structurally separate and functionally complete, lacking integration of necessary functions for automated control and actuation.
Innovation Solution
A power and actuation control device is designed as a structurally separate and functionally complete unit, comprising four interconnected blocks: a first block for voltage conversion, a second block for backup power, a third block for centralized control, and a fourth block for inverter functions, all integrated into a single compact case.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If power and actuation control devices are integrated into existing electronic equipment, then device complexity is reduced, but control reliability and functional completeness for automated vehicles deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The control device is segmented into distinct functional modules: power supply module (with first and second power supply units), control unit, and actuation module. Each module operates independently but communicates through standardized interfaces, allowing the system to maintain functional completeness while managing complexity through modular architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The control device is designed as a universal platform that can control multiple types of actuators (steering, braking, throttle) and work with different power sources (single or dual power supply units). The standardized communication protocols and interchangeable module designs enable the same control architecture to serve various automated vehicle configurations.
2Reliability
If a single compact case is used for centralized control, then control reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple functional components (power supply units, control unit, actuation modules, communication interfaces) are merged into a single compact case. The standardized internal mounting structures and pre-arranged electrical connections eliminate the need for complex external wiring, achieving centralized control while managing integration complexity through design standardization.
Solution Approach 2:
The control device employs a nested modular structure where smaller functional modules (power supply, control unit, actuation modules) are housed within the main compact case. Each nested module can be independently accessed, tested, and replaced, maintaining reliability while organizing complexity hierarchically.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances control reliability of HAV electrical systems by providing centralized control and backup power, ensuring seamless integration and operation of various HAV systems.
Implementation Method 1
a 12V power supply and a 24V power supply, while the power supplies are connected by their inputs to the terminals of traction battery and hydrogen fuel cells connectors
Implementation Method 2
a lithium battery and a supercapacitor module to provide backup power to the upper-level controller
Implementation Method 3
a lithium battery and a supercapacitor module to provide backup power to the upper-level controller
Implementation Method 4
an inverter with an input for connecting a HAV pneumatic system and an input for connecting the on-board computer
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a power and actuator control device for a highly automated vehicle (HAV). The device comprises a housing divided into 4 units. The first unit contains a connector for connection of a traction battery, a connector for connection of hydrogen fuel cells, a connector for connection to a traction motor inverter, a 12 V power supply and a 24 V power supply. The second unit contains a rechargeable lithium battery and a supercapacitor module. The third unit contains a high-level controller. The fourth unit contains an inverter. The power supplies are connected by their inputs to outputs of the connector for connection of a traction motor inverter and the connector for connection of hydrogen fuel cells. The inverter has an output for connection of a pneumatic system of the HAV and an input for connection of an onboard control computer. The rechargeable lithium battery and the supercapacitor module provide backup power for the high-level controller. The result is more reliable control of the electrical systems of a highly automated vehicle.