Crushed Hazelnut Shell Filter for Wastewater Purification

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current compact filters for non-collective wastewater treatment are either expensive or have insufficient purification performance, and existing biomass supports lack cost-effectiveness and satisfactory filtration capabilities.

Innovation Solution

The compact filter employs a filtering mass composed of crushed hazelnut shells, with a specific layered structure including a three-dimensional complex and re-aeration layer, along with a two-dimensional geotextile to enhance effluent distribution and oxygenation, utilizing polypropylene monofilament and plastic bio-media for improved treatment efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional filter beds (coconut mesocarp) are used, then filtration function is provided, but cost is high and purification performance is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepurification performanceVSAvoidcost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameter from conventional coconut mesocarp to crushed hazelnut shells, altering the physical and chemical properties of the filter bed to achieve better purification performance at lower cost. The hazelnut shells provide appropriate porosity, surface area, and mechanical stability for effective wastewater filtration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs inexpensive crushed hazelnut shells as the filter bed material, replacing expensive conventional materials. These shells are readily available, low-cost waste products that can be effectively utilized for filtration, reducing both material cost and environmental impact.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Ease of manufacture

If crushed hazelnut shells are used as filtering mass, then cost is reduced and filtration performance is improved, but effluent distribution uniformity may be insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecostVSAvoideffluent distribution uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the filter bed into multiple horizontal layers of crushed hazelnut shells with different thicknesses and positions. This segmentation allows optimized effluent distribution across the filter bed, ensuring uniform flow patterns while maintaining cost-effectiveness. The layered structure prevents channeling and improves contact between wastewater and filter material.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Device complexity

If single-layer filter bed is used, then structure is simple, but purification performance is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefilter bed structureVSAvoidpurification performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a multi-layer filter bed structure with different thicknesses and positions of crushed hazelnut shells. This segmentation enhances purification performance by creating optimal flow paths, increasing contact time, and improving oxygen transfer, while remaining relatively simple in construction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from a single-layer to a multi-layer vertical structure, utilizing the vertical dimension to enhance filtration capacity. The layered arrangement creates multiple filtration zones with varying depths, improving overall purification performance without significantly increasing horizontal footprint.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration provides effective filtration and degradation of organic pollution, achieving satisfactory treatment performance at a lower cost by utilizing previously discarded materials, with laboratory tests indicating optimal performance with three layers of crushed hazelnut shells and appropriate layer thicknesses.

Implementation Method 1

the suspended solids not retained at the level of the septic tank or all-water tank are eliminated by the filtration effect

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFiltration: Filter (physical)

Implementation Method 2

the organic pollution is degraded by the aerobic bacteria attached to the shells. crushed hazelnuts

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAerobic decomposition: Aerobic Digestion

Implementation Method 3

a re-aeration layer containing a plastic bio-media having the function of allowing the effluents to be enriched at treat with oxygen to promote the development of aerobic bacteria

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAeration: Aeration

Implementation Method 4

this drainage channel contains drainage means allowing the evacuation via the outlet pipe of the treated effluents after percolation by gravity through the filtering mass

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP3008018B1Compact filter for a non-collective wastewater sanitizing system
Publication Date: 2019.02.20 F2F
  • EP3008018B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

The invention relates to a compact filter for a non-collective wastewater sanitizing system consisting of a sealed chamber (1) which is to be buried, and which comprises an inlet tube system (10) and an outlet tube system (11) for the effluents, said chamber (1) being provided with a filtering mass (4) in the inner part thereof, said filtering mass consisting of an aerobic biomass medium made of a material having a large developed surface area, and means for uniformly distributing the effluents (11) from the inlet tube system onto the upper surface of the filtering mass (4) and a drainage channel (5) located beneath the filtering mass (4) and containing drainage means enabling the treated effluents (H) to be discharged via the outlet tube system after gravity percolation through the filtering mass (4), characterized in that the filtering mass (4) contains at least one layer of crushed hazelnut shells.