Human Body Communication System Channel Adaptation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Human body communication systems face challenges in accurately transmitting data due to signal distortion and attenuation, as well as interference from the surrounding environment, because the delivery characteristics of electricity or radio waves through the human body are influenced by its electrical properties, such as permittivity and conductivity.
Innovation Solution
A human body communication system that determines the characteristic of the communication channel by using a carrier wave with a frequency having little signal distortion or attenuation, employing a master device and a slave device to output and receive signals with specific patterns of first and second carrier waves, optimizing data transmission through capacitive or galvanic coupling modes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If human body communication is used to transmit data through the human body channel, then communication between portable devices can be performed through user touch, but signal distortion and attenuation occur due to the electrical characteristics of tissues
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adapts to changing channel conditions by continuously monitoring signal quality metrics (SNR, attenuation) and adjusting transmission parameters such as carrier frequency, modulation scheme, and power level in real-time to maintain reliable communication despite variations in body tissue properties and motion
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes transmission parameters including carrier frequency selection, modulation type, and power levels based on detected channel characteristics to optimize performance and overcome signal distortion caused by human body electrical properties
2Productivity
If carrier waves are transmitted through the human body, then data can be transmitted wirelessly, but the radio wave loses more energy compared to delivery through air
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary channel characterization by transmitting test signals and measuring attenuation and SNR before actual data transmission, allowing it to pre-select optimal carrier frequencies and power levels that minimize energy loss while ensuring reliable delivery
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback from signal quality measurements (SNR, attenuation) to continuously adjust transmission power and frequency selection, optimizing energy efficiency by transmitting only the necessary power level required to overcome body tissue losses at each moment
3Device complexity
If the human body is used as a communication channel, then portable device communication can be simplified, but the human body is easy to receive interference signals from the surrounding environment
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses intermediary techniques including reference signals, pilot tones, and channel estimation algorithms to distinguish desired transmission signals from environmental interference, allowing the receiver to filter out noise and extract meaningful data despite the body's susceptibility to interference
4Ease of operation
If signal transmission through human body tissues is used, then contactless communication can be achieved, but permittivity and conductivity of tissues affect delivery characteristic
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adapts to variations in tissue permittivity and conductivity by continuously monitoring channel quality and adjusting transmission parameters such as frequency, power, and modulation to maintain accurate signal reception despite changes in body composition, position, or motion
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the reliability and accuracy of human body communication by minimizing signal loss and interference, allowing for effective data transmission with improved quality and reduced impact from motion or surrounding conditions.
Implementation Method 1
optimizing data transmission through capacitive or galvanic coupling modes
Implementation Method 2
optimizing data transmission through capacitive or galvanic coupling modes
Implementation Method 3
the delivery characteristic of electricity or the radio wave through the human body is determined according to the electrical characteristics of tissues that form the human body, i.e., permittivity and conductivity
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a human body communication system including a master device configured to output a first signal based on a first data signal and a signal having a pattern in which a waveform of a first carrier wave and a waveform of a second carrier wave are repeated; and a slave device configured to receive the first signal to determine a carrier wave having a low level of attenuation among the first carrier wave and the second carrier wave, and output a second signal based on the determined carrier wave and a second data signal.